Ford Mustang Shelby GT500, 2013

 

 

 

 

•  Ford Mustang Shelby GT500, 2013

The 2013 Ford Mustang Shelby GT500 is about to go where no Mustang has gone before, with a complete package for everyday drivers and track-day enthusiasts alike, 662 horsepower and top track speeds of more than 200 mph.

The 5.8-liter V8 aluminum-block engine produces 662 horsepower and 631 lb.-ft. of torque, making it the highest-horsepower engine ever produced in North America. Nearly every part of the powertrain has been optimized for producing the additional horsepower, including a new supercharger, new cross-drilled block and heads, an all-forged engine rotating assembly, updated camshaft profiles, upgraded head gaskets, a new carbon fiber driveshaft and upgraded clutch, transmission and axle.

A larger and more efficient supercharger helping flow more air through the engine is key to producing the 662 horsepower. The new Twin Vortices Series 2300 blower creates 2.3 liters of displacement and is a unique design to the 5.8-liter engine.

The entire cooling system has been significantly updated on the new 5.8-liter engine. It now includes a high-capacity cooling fan, fan shroud with high-speed pressure-relief doors, a more efficient charge air cooler, a higher-flow intercooler pump and an intercooler heat exchanger whose volume is increased 36 percent. These components harmonize to consistently dissipate heat under extreme-use conditions.

The supercharger design includes four lobes with a 160-degree twist and has a drive ratio that spins 2.64 times faster than the previous model. The inlet air volume also has been increased 33 percent. Boost has been increased from 9 to 14 psi.

Other modifications for improved power include an upgraded camshaft profile, similar to the Ford GT. The cam lift for the intake and exhaust has been increased for improved airflow. Additionally, the redline is held at 6,250 rpm continuously, but allows for an over-rev to 7,000 rpm for eight seconds to extend the time to shift so that acceleration is higher and 0-60 mph and quarter-mile times can be faster.

The diameter of the bore has been upped from 90.5 to 93.5 millimeters to increase displacement and the fuel injector flow has been increased nearly 10 percent to get an equivalent amount of fuel to accompany the extra air.

Once the engine was able to make the power and pressures were increased, SVT made changes to ensure the engine was durable under those conditions. The connecting rods have been redesigned with a tapered, small end where they attach to the pistons. This improved design supports the load on the dome of the piston more efficiently.

Cooling fan capacity has been increased and a higher-efficiency intercooler added to keep the air entering the engine as cool as possible. An efficient, high-capacity flow pump has been added. These measures manage temperatures under extreme conditions.

To ensure the coolant flow is well balanced cylinder to cylinder, the block and heads have been cross-drilled for water to flow through.

A single-piece carbon fiber driveshaft has been upgraded from the current two-piece steel design, which is lighter and stiffer and offers a higher torque capacity and improved NVH (noise, vibration and harshness) qualities.

The clutch has increased torque and rpm capacity and uses a dual-disc design. The diameter and clamp load have been increased and the clutch-facing material has been revised for additional resistance to burst and improved transfer of power.

Another key piece of the driveline, the transmission, offers upgraded gears, bearings and housing so it can properly manage the torque. The final drive ratio has been changed to 3.31:1 for optimized overall vehicle gearing to complement the high-powered torque produced. Every gear besides fourth has been optimized for competing performance metrics.

The engine also carries over the use of the state-of-the-art Plasma Transferred Wire Arc liner coating, a process that applies a 150-micron composite coating that contains nanoparticles on the internal surfaces of engine cylinder bores, replacing cast-iron liners typically used in aluminum engine blocks.

The new engine also continues to be exempt from the gas-guzzler tax, delivering a projected 15 mpg city, 24 mpg highway. That is 5 mpg better than the 2012 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1.

Functional, stylish enhancements
Design enhancements for 2013 include all-new signature lighting with two LED bars that command attention in the front and rear. The rocker panels running along the car are now body-color, adding a more premium look. Additionally, the rear end has a new high-gloss black panel between the taillamps and a diffuser that surrounds a new quad-tip exhaust.

The 2013 Shelby GT500 offers two new sets of forged-aluminum wheels, including a unique wheel for cars with the optional packages. The 19-inch front and 20-inch rear wheels are coupled with Goodyear Eagle® F1 SuperCar G: 2 tires on all configurations.

Freshened with the dark finish and updated spoke designs, the wheels appear even more sinister and aggressive but offer the benefit of being extremely lightweight.

To commemorate the 20th anniversary of SVT, badging will be used throughout the interior and exterior of the car to celebrate the many years of performance vehicles. The official launch of SVT came during the 1992 Chicago Auto Show with the unveiling of the 1993 SVT Mustang Cobra and SVT F-150 Lightning. The 1993 SVT Mustang Cobra offered a 235-horsepower 5.0-liter V8 engine, showing just how far the products have come over 20 years.

Significant work has been done in aerodynamics to ensure the Shelby GT500 has proper downforce for performance at all speeds. Using high-tech computational fluid dynamics (CFD), engineers were able to determine exactly where the air was going, to optimize cooling. The result is a car that tracks more securely and feels more planted to the road at higher speeds.

A new front splitter and black-painted upper and lower grille inserts that expose the radiator drive the functional style changes to the Shelby GT500. The exposed radiator helps funnel air and cools the internals of the vehicle systems. The larger splitter helps create downforce when the car hits top speeds.

Engineers faced competing goals of top speed, racetrack performance, cooling and fuel economy, and worked to find a balance that meets all needs. To reduce lift, the team reworked the front upper and lower grilles and developed an integrated air dam. In the rear, a high Gurney flap helps reduce lift.

By reducing drag and creating downforce, the loads and moments on the front fascia increased. CFD pressure maps indicated how much load would be put on the front body and helped confirm that plastic wasn't deforming, the fasteners could handle it, the body structure could support it and the front end wasn't sagging.

Superior ride
The new Shelby GT500 driving dynamics have been overhauled, now working in concert with Goodyear tires. New Brembo™ brakes with six-piston calipers in front and the new wheels also required unique suspension tuning to ensure everything works harmoniously.

Handling, all AdvanceTrac® The previously available unique traction control system and electronic stability control settings help drivers achieve maximum performance whether on the street or the track. settings and steering assist levels within selectable steering also have been tuned to account for the updated content on the car.

Both systems can be completely disabled in controlled track situations where maximum driver skill is utilized, or fully engaged for safety during normal driving or in less-than-ideal traction conditions. Intermediate sport mode allows drivers to push their cars hard at the track without completely disabling the safety systems, permitting more aggressive driving before the traction control and electronic stability control systems intervene.

The upgraded Brembo brake system complements the other changes on the 2013 Shelby GT500 for control and fade-free stops in road and race situations. The new system has 380-millimeter front rotors. The rear comes with 350-millimeter rotors. Both are larger than the previous model.

A high-tech, user-friendly launch control system is part of the new functionality on Shelby GT500. The system lets drivers set the tach needle to a desired launch rpm depending on the tire temperature, street surface or other conditions. Floor the throttle and the engine will rev to the preset rpm until the clutch is released, helping with acceleration and vehicle control from a standing start.

Going further
Sometimes Ford Shelby GT500 customers want to enjoy their car on surface streets. Other times they just want to let loose on the track. Two new optional packages on the 2013 car give them the choice.

Available as part of the optional Performance Package, the feature is accessed on the dash with a simple push of a button. Normal mode gives customers a comfortable ride over road irregularities. Sport mode is all about performance, delivering improved response time on the track, and less body roll while cornering and pitch under braking. A Torsen® limited-slip differential also comes with the Performance Package, which helps the rear suspension deliver torque and traction under the most demanding conditions on the track.

The monotube damper is key in giving drivers fade-free performance for extended hot laps. Typical dampers will fade and soften, so they don't handle as well - the monotube design prevents that from happening.

SVT worked with Bilstein™ for nearly a year to fine-tune the technology for Shelby GT500, the first production application of the product in North America.

The Torsen limited-slip differential with a 2.8:1 torque bias ratio helps the rear suspension deliver torque and traction under the demanding conditions encountered on the track. The differential is instrumental in improving torque bias so that the level of traction is increased.

Enthusiasts can upgrade their Performance Package with an additional Track Package for all-out racetrack performance. The option comes with an external engine oil cooler, rear differential cooler and transmission cooler for further durability. The cooling package also circulates air from an area of high-pressure stagnation with a low impact to drag and lift. The coolers play an essential role in preventing crucial components from overheating under high-speed conditions.

SVT engineering focused on making the coupe with the Track Package completely geared toward racetrack performance. That meant making the suspension have superior control in high-speed turns and dips.

Information at your fingertips
Key to helping Shelby GT500 customers take advantage of all the capability is the new productivity screen. The screen offers menu options, giving the customer important information related to vehicle performance. The menu is navigated through a five-way control button located on the steering wheel. The LCD is positioned between the tachometer and speedometer; the SVT logo greets the customer at key-on.

A dashboard screen provides vehicle status information for important driving parameters such as launch control, AdvanceTrac, selectable steering or the Bilstein damper setting. There's also a shift light that appears as the SVT logo that illuminates and chimes when the rpm shift is reached.

Also unique to the productivity screen is Track Apps™, which delivers performance metrics for drivers who want to put their car through its paces on the track.

An accelerometer shows the g-force the car is pulling from left to right. Drivers also can track their fastest times with the acceleration timer screen, which offers options including 0-30 mph, 0-60 mph, 0-100 mph, eighth-mile and quarter-mile. Both an automatic start and countdown start complete with a drag racing start light are available.

The brake performance screen indicates stopping time and distance for speeds of 60-0 or 100-0. The view/clear results screen lets drivers take a look at their top times, including their all-time best. They can also review their last results and saved results from the acceleration timer and brake performance screen.

A closer look at the base menu options, each of which can be customized by the :
    Settings: Drivers are able to
        Turn on and set launch control feature
        Select Bilstein damper mode
        Access AdvanceTrac settings
        Set steering feel - sport, standard or comfort
        Update MyColor®

    Gauge mode: Checking temperature/engine operation
        Air-to-fuel ratio
        Cylinder head temperature
        Inlet air temperature
        Oil temperature
        Transmission temperature

    Trip computer: Counting the miles
        Information on two trips available
        Trip time and mileage
        Gallons of fuel used and miles per gallon
        Set oil life percentage

    Information: Navigate and view warnings
      The system check screen displays information such as oil life, engine hours, engine idle hours and open doors
        Warnings, such as "Left door ajar," can be displayed graphically

    Fuel economy: Up-to-the-second information
        Fuel history can be broken down to three time periods
        Five resets are available to track fuel history
      Fuel economy displays miles to empty, as well as average and instantaneous miles per gallon
        View/clear results

Cluster-specific
The 2013 Shelby GT500 also includes upgraded cluster features to give drivers even more information. The speedometer is now set to 220 mph and an over-rev feature allows the engine to operate up to 7,000 rpm for eight seconds before decreasing back to 6,250 rpm.

Coupled with that feature is a dual-color tachometer that provides amber warning at redline, when the over-rev feature is engaged. Once the over-rev times out, the redline returns to red.

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Fiat 500L US-Version, 2014

 

 

 

 

 

•  Fiat 500L US-Version, 2014

Expanding on the style, efficiency and driving enjoyment that has made the Fiat 500 an icon for more than 55 years, the all-new 2014 Fiat 500L expands the Cinquecento's appeal by offering more than 42 percent more interior space with spacious seating for five, engaging driving dynamics, a 1.4-liter MultiAir Turbo engine with a best-in-class 160 horsepower and two six-speed transmission offerings all wrapped in contemporary Italian design.

Since the modern Fiat 500's global launch in 2007, more than 1 million of these efficient and city-friendly vehicles have been sold in 110 countries worldwide. And now with the all-new Fiat 500L, the Cinquecento has grown up to accommodate even more of life's greatest experiences and emotions all together: children, friends, journeys, music and community.

The Fiat 500L delivers a new approach to the way a car expresses styling individuality, the way it communicates with the outside world and opens its doors to a new on-board experience. The letter 'L' sums up the six dimensions of the Fiat 500L: "Leveraging," the FIAT brand's approach to its iconic Cinquecento design DNA; "Large," meant as functionality and space via its new "small-wide" vehicle architecture; "Loft," a trendsetting environment where one can live life to the fullest behind segment-exclusive panoramic views and the segment's largest dual-pane sunroof (20.7 sq.ft. (1.92 m2) dual-pane glass system); "Lifestyle," four unique models including the all-new Fiat 500L Trekking that perfectly blends rugged styling and versatility for a Cinquecento that complements customers with a highly active lifestyle; and "Light," when 'lightness' means human- and eco-friendly technology.

Paired with its tight European handling and quick steering, the sixth dimension, "Liters" defines the fuel-efficient MultiAir Turbo engine in the all-new Fiat 500L, providing the highest output-per-liter and best-in-class standard horsepower (160 hp) and torque (184 lb.-ft.) in the segment. For even more driver precision and control, the Fiat 500L features a six-speed manual transmission, or segment-exclusive six-speed dual dry clutch transmission (DDCT).

All-new Fiat 500L Trekking: the adventurous side of the 500L
The premiere of the 2014 Fiat 500L Trekking expands the appeal and practicality of the Fiat 500L with distinct, rugged looks; an athletic two-tone interior environment; unique front and rear fascia designs, flared wheel arches and larger 17-inch wheels to support its adventurous personality.

Making the all-new 2014 Fiat 500L Trekking distinct is the addition of aggressively styled front and rear fascias with Nero (black) accents for a bolder look. Unique Nero wheel arch and body-side sill moldings give the Fiat 500L Trekking a more adventurous look, while larger 17 x 7-inch aluminum wheels hint at the urban-utility vehicle's handling capabilities.

A unique two-tone Nero/Marrone (black/brown) interior environment continues the Fiat 500L Trekking's rugged-athletic theme. At the center of it all, an all-new Uconnect 5.0 system features a 5-inch intelligently and intuitively designed touchscreen interface, handsfree calling and Bluetooth-streaming audio, as well as voice-command control of the radio and a media hub for seamless integration of portable devices. For even more capability, the Fiat 500L Trekking can be had with the premium Uconnect 6.5 system with its larger 6.5-inch touchscreen radio, with dealer-activated navigation with intuitive map graphics and a premium media hub with SD card reader.

The all-new 2014 Fiat 500L and all-new Fiat 500L Trekking models are produced at FIAT Automobiles' manufacturing plant in Kragujevac, Serbia, and will arrive to FIAT Studios in North America in mid-2013.

Design
With its simplistic, purposeful and distinct Italian design, the all-new 2014 Fiat 500L embodies the brand's "Simply More" philosophy by reformulating its history of small-car ingenuity to meet the needs of growing families and those with active lifestyles through modern Cinquecento (500) style in unprecedented forms.

Paying homage to FIAT brand's history of innovative multifunctional vehicles

From Dante Giacosa's original Fiat 500 design in the 1950s to the "Simply More" principle FIAT Design has undertaken today, the design of the all-new 2014 Fiat 500L ties different moments and experiences of FIAT brand's innovations with iconic style for an even more spacious and versatile Cinquecento offering.

Under the guidance of Roberto Giolito, Fiat 500L designers looked back at the brand's traceable commitment to developing and evolving automobiles. The designers focused on the "vocation for invention" mantra that has been linked to FIAT design through the ages and defines the success of Italian design throughout the world.

Developed on FIAT's new "small-wide" architecture, the all-new Fiat 500L includes some of the most radical and profoundly innovative design elaborations through a traceable sequence of previous models. The Fiat 500L pays homage to past FIAT models and styling features, including archetypical design features that inspired the historic 1956 Fiat 600 Multipla's clever city-friendly versatility. In addition, styling roots from previous models were included in the Fiat 500L project and hark back to the 1957 Fiat 500, 1972 Fiat 127, 1980 Fiat Panda, 1983 Fiat Uno, 1998 Fiat Multipla and the modern Fiat 500 in 2007.

Larger: iconic Cinquecento cues, now with five doors
With its recognizable Cinquecento exterior design features, the all-new 2014 Fiat 500L provides even more space, utility and comfort, while offering a natural and coherent product extension in FIAT Studios.

With recognizable Fiat 500 physiognomy — its signature "whiskers and logo" face — plus an additional 6.1 inches (15.5 cm) in width, the all-new Fiat 500L has even more presence while exuding the FIAT family resemblance in stylistic harmony. Larger bi-halogen projector headlamps and lower park lamps tie in the iconic look, while the vehicle's front fascia, body-color fascia insert and cooling duct continue the FIAT brand's facial feature resemblance. Providing fresh air for the 1.4-liter MultiAir Turbo engine's intercooler, the Fiat 500L's front fascia grille features a honeycomb lower grille texture with available road-brightening fog lamps.

Because Fiat 500 models have always focused on maximizing the scenic views each journey provides, the all-new Fiat 500L goes one step further to deliver panoramic views from within. Illustrating purposeful Italian design, the Fiat 500L features segment-exclusive glass A- and D-pillars for an interior environment nearly encapsulated by 360 degree views. For a sporty appearance, the belt- and window-molding surrounds are trimmed in Nero (black). In addition to a monotone look, the new five-passenger Cinquecento offers even more style, with its "floating" roof painted in Nero or Bianco (white). The Fiat 500L also offers the segment's largest sunroof, providing first and second-row passengers with cityscape views through a 20.7 sq.ft. (1.92 m2) dual-pane glass system.

The 2014 Fiat 500L's silhouette is 26.9 inches (68.3 cm) longer yet features the familiar forward-sloping A-line and adds a cab-forward approach for improved visibility and an even more dynamic look. Similar to the historic and modern Cinquecento, the Fiat 500L's body-side lateral section features clean surfaces, flared wheel arches and chromed door handles. For added style and protection, body-side door moldings are painted in body color and are available with chrome accents. Filling the wheel wells are seven unique wheel designs ranging from 16 inches to a sporty 17 inches with the 500 logo on the center caps. For familiar Cinquecento character, the chromed-accented headlamps with "500" logo and taillamps are visible from the side profile, thanks to the way the Fiat 500L's rounded sides link up to the front and rear.

Maintaining its city-friendly proportions, the all-new Fiat 500L's rear fascia and bumper are well-integrated into the design of the five-door for shorter overhangs and a tidy look. Providing easier cargo loading, the Fiat 500L's liftgate design features one of the segment's lowest cargo-lift heights (26.2 inches (66.5 cm) from ground). For simplistic design character, the lower-liftgate area is recessed to accommodate a license plate, while the adjacent fascia integrates left and right side reflectors. Finishing off the rear are square-in-circular taillamps and a prominent FIAT liftgate badge with "500L" logo beneath.

Loft: style, comfort and panoramic views
Like a loft that provides a contemporary, wide, open and luminous dimension, the interior of the all-new Fiat 500L offers 42 percent more interior space than the 500 hatchback for added capability, plus even more style and comfort for up to five passengers and their belongings.

Like the Fiat 500, the Fiat 500L embraces a particular stylistic and constructive interpretation that strives for simplified enjoyment. Careful analysis of the interior space affords the all-new five-passenger model with an airy and roomy passenger compartment designed to be comfortable and enjoyable for any destination.

With segment-exclusive glass A- and D-pillars for nearly 360 degree views, the Fiat 500L provides the most outward visibility in its class. To maximize passenger visibility, the Fiat 500L features elevated second-row seats and an available dual-glass panel sunroof.

Like a well-designed loft, the focal point of the Fiat 500L is its instrument panel, which continues the Cinquecento's perfect blend of modern simplicity, iconic Italian styling and numerous personalization options. Expanding on the Fiat 500, the Fiat 500L's upper instrument panel is designed to convey a sense of refinement, elegance and fun with the availability of color-matched exterior accents and premium vinyl-wrapped or painted accents. A thick-rimmed three-spoke FIAT steering wheel is available in leather and two-tone color options and features the square-in-circular design cue. Behind, two large analog gauges provide vehicle and engine speed, while two secondary gauges provide fuel and engine temperature information.

The instrument cluster also includes an Electronic Vehicle Information Center (EVIC) to provide the driver with trip, vehicle and Uconnect system information. At the center, the Fiat 500L is available with the all-new Uconnect 5.0 or 6.5 radio system, providing passengers with information and connectivity options on a 5-inch or larger 6.5-inch touchscreen. On the passenger side, a recessed instrument panel cubby and covered glove box provide quick storage access. Designed to be ergonomic, the Fiat 500L's climate control and transmission shifter are easy to reach from the available center armrest. The lower instrument panel and center console highlight the Fiat 500L's space utilization with large- and small-sized storage spaces to keep mobile devices at a convenient reach.

Continuing the family resemblance, the 2014 Fiat 500L is available with seven fabric and two leather interior choices, paired with 64 internal/external design combinations across its models range. The Fiat 500L model lineup is inspired by four distinct spirits: young, dynamic and cool for the Fiat 500L Pop model; comfortable, practical and bright for the Fiat 500L Easy model; rugged and athletic for the Fiat 500L Trekking model; and elegant, sophisticated and contemporary for the Fiat 500L Lounge model.

Ensuring passengers are surrounded by premium materials that deliver a sensorial experience, Centro Stile's Color & Material Group specifically carried out studies to define which materials and colors the Fiat 500L product range would include. The group's research redefined technologies and production processes to further increase the quality level and value of the physical, tactile and visual properties of the materials, details and finishes to be applied.

All-new Fiat 500L Trekking: blending rugged style with utility
Designed for customers with a highly active lifestyle, the Fiat 500L Trekking model offers the perfect blend of rugged styling and versatility to match their needs. For a more aggressive look, a restyled front fascia features a bolder Nero-accented design graphic with large lower opening, fog lamps and adjacent "nostril" type air openings at the corners. Above, the cooling duct has been enlarged for a more aggressive appearance, while the familiar "whiskers" and unique lower front fascia accent are finished in satin silver. Connecting the front and rear fascias are Nero wheel-arch and body-side sill moldings that provide this Fiat 500L with a more distinct look. The rear fascia continues the bold Nero design graphic plus the addition of a satin silver lower fascia accent for added style. Emphasizing the width of this Cinquecento, the horizontal recessed license plate area and rear fascia's lower left and right side reflectors are finished in Nero.

Inside, the Fiat 500L Trekking features a unique two-tone Nero/Marrone (black/brown) interior environment that is carried through on its leather-wrapped steering wheel, door and door-panel armrest bolsters, seat fabric and floor mats.

Design Approach
Following its worldwide debut at the 2012 Geneva Motor Show this March, the design experience that gave birth to the all-new Fiat 500L has been documented in "500L, a Fiat Design Approach" - an exclusive publication that shares the story behind the 500L project.

From Dante Giacosa in the mid twentieth century, to the new course undertaken by FIAT Design under the guidance of Roberto Giolito today, "500L, a Fiat Design Approach" traces the brand's commitment to developing unique automobiles, while continuing the success of Italian design throughout the world.

With original designer's sketches, this FIAT original publication illustrates the Fiat 500L's concept development through some of the brand's most radical and profoundly innovative design elaborations. The book traces the all-new "multi-purpose" vehicle's styling inspiration through a sequence of previous models, including the historic 1956 Fiat 600 Multipla, 1957 Fiat 500, the 1972 Fiat 127, the 1980 Fiat Panda, the 1983 Fiat Uno and the 1998 Fiat Multipla.

In addition, "500L, a Fiat Design Approach," highlights the route undertaken with the new Fiat 500 project and how it represented an important phase for the FIAT Brand paving the way for the all-new Fiat 500L - a natural and coherent product extension for the brand.

Quality
The Fiat 500L was conceived and developed in Italy, yet spent quality time proving itself on this side of the Atlantic to prepare for its North American debut.

The global quality team constantly compares quality testing results from Italy and the United States.

For example, suspension performance and durability gets a lot of attention because the car needs to perform well in diverse geographic conditions. In Europe, the suspension components get a work out from all the lateral loads experienced on the twisty mountain roads common in many parts of Italy. For North American customers, the FIAT team has to safeguard against the long-term effects of rougher roads and numerous potholes.

In total, the Fiat 500L test fleet is accumulating approximately 7.5 million miles so the FIAT team can find and fix any issues that arise. This includes testing done in laboratories in Turin, Italy and Auburn Hills, Mich., at FIAT and Chrysler Group proving grounds, as well as reliability testing on public roads in many different climates in Europe and the United States.

The 3/36 Reliability Testing, appropriately named as each test car accumulates 36,000 miles (equivalent to three years of use) in about three months, is conducted day and night by teams of drivers. To reflect typical daily driver scenarios, the test drivers do not originate from the engineering ranks and are intentionally chosen from diverse backgrounds to represent customers of different ages, sizes and ethnicities. The test drivers scrutinize all the customer functional aspects of each vehicle as well as overall driving evaluations. This includes radio and navigation system checks, seat belt buckling, heating and ventilation operation and opening and closing storage compartments and windows.

The Fiat 500L development team meets every day and reviews any issues that surface during testing.

The Fiat 500L is assembled at the FIAT Automobiles Serbia plant in Kragujevac, Serbia. The plant began building cars earlier this year following three years of intense work and a $1.3 billion investment to essentially rebuild an automobile plant and install state-of-the-art manufacturing equipment and tools. Preparations also included more than one million hours of staff training to instill World Class Manufacturing principles, which involve all employees in the manufacturing process for continuous process and quality improvements.

Quality was a key consideration for the planning of each work station and operator, which includes more than 1,900 quality controls on the assembly line. Similar to investments at other Fiat and Chrysler Group plants launching all-new products, the Serbian plant houses a high-tech Metrology Center. The Metrology Center allows engineers and technicians to find the sources of build variation - even when the components appear perfect to the naked eye - and resolve any fit and finish issues before customer vehicles are built.

Engineering
Utilizing Fiat Automobile's new "small-wide" chassis architecture, the all-new 2014 Fiat 500L is designed to deliver world-class ride, handling, comfort and safety thanks to its high level of torsional rigidity and extensive use of high-strength steel.

Fiat Automobiles' new "small-wide" architecture
With extensive use of advanced steels, composites and advanced computer-impact simulations, the all-new Fiat 500L's "small-wide" architecture delivers world-class torsional stiffness for optimum control of body geometry. For its passengers, the new architecture enables the Fiat 500L to feel tighter and stiffer, with an added sense of confidence and control during higher speed maneuvers.

With the Fiat 500L vehicle development program led by Fiat Automobiles for all of its international markets, the all-new 2014 Fiat 500L is designed to be competitive in all aspects of crashworthiness in the B-segment. Designed and engineered for government regulations and third-party ratings around the world, the five-passenger Cinquecento is capable of achieving results at the top of its class.

Segment-leading interior quietness

For the new 2014 Fiat 500L to achieve an articulation index of 72 percent, a level at the top of its class, engineers maximized the vehicle's structural design, and tuned the interior environment for sound quality and sound level by isolating powertrain, wind and road noise.

The idea of "lightness" on the all-new Fiat 500L is also weighed in the quantity of silence. This five-passenger Cinquecento features a noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) package designed specifically for the expectations of North American consumers and includes laminated acoustic windshield glass, body-cavity silencing foam, under-flush rolled-framed doors with triple seals and acoustic wheel-well liners to absorb road noise and quiet the cabin. Combined, these design improvements place the all-new Fiat 500L's interior sound quality among the best in the B-segment.

Perfect combination of performance and comfort
Building upon the Cinquecento's fun-to-drive DNA, the 2014 Fiat 500L features a touring-tuned chassis that complements its MultiAir Turbo engine's best-in-class horsepower and torque.

To deliver class-leading levels of control and comfort, the Fiat 500L features a MacPherson front-suspension design with a specially designed tubular anti-roll bar with exceptional rigidity for increased cornering performance and reduced weight. In addition, a specially designed front cross member serves two roles by providing rigidity to achieve greater acoustic comfort and to integrate a third-load line to improve energy absorption in the event of a crash. A new innovation is the adoption of a "split" type shock-absorber mounting that transmits road vibrations to the body through two different routes for improved acoustics and better efficiency of the shock absorber.

At the rear, the Fiat 500L features a new torsion axle structure with a high level of rolling rigidity to save the weight of an anti-roll bar. Unique to the North American market are urethane bushings that deliver ride control and comfort, with the durability needed for more treacherous unpaved roadways. For performance and comfort with the benefit of weight savings, the rear suspension of the Fiat 500L utilizes monotube shock absorbers.

Dual-pinion electric power steering system
The 2014 Fiat 500L features precise steering thanks to its electric power steering (EPS) and driving steering torque (DST) system that improve both handling and performance.

The all-new Fiat 500L features next-generation electric dual-pinion steering, which delivers sporty handling by managing significant loads at all steering wheel operating speeds, power assist curves modulated according to driving conditions, and up to a 3 percent improvement in fuel efficiency when compared with a conventional hydraulic system.

In addition, the Fiat 500L employs EPS. All of the power boost, or assist, is provided via an electric motor, and because the system is fully electronic, the driver experiences optimal steering effort at all vehicle speeds with improved fuel efficiency since there is no parasitic loss from a power steering pump.

The Fiat 500L's DST system improves both driving safety and handling performance by actively carrying out corrections and automatically controls oversteer over surfaces with low grip in all driving conditions. Moreover, the steering system is fully integrated with the vehicle's electronic stability control (ESC) system to help compensate in split-traction, torque steer and pull-drift (crowned road) situations.

Four-wheel disc brakes with electronic stability control (ESC)
The all-new 2014 Fiat 500L features world-class brake systems designed with class-leading performance and feel, state-of-the-art technologies and maximum refinement.

At the front, 2.24-inch (57 mm) single-piston calipers feature 12.0 x 1.10-inch (305 x 28 mm) vented rotors provide a large sweeping area, while 1.49-inch (38 mm) rear calipers with solid 10.4 x 0.4-inch (264 x 10 mm) disc brakes contribute to the Cinquecento's precise brake-pedal feel and reduced stopping distance.

The Fiat 500L features a four-channel electronic stability control (ESC) system that monitors the speed of each wheel individually. The four-channel system allows individual wheel braking for superior control and provides backup braking in the unlikely event that one of the two braking circuits would fail. The anti-lock brake (ABS) software uses a steering wheel angle sensor that allows the system to differentiate between straight-line braking and braking in a turn resulting in better straight-line braking with minimal yaw.

ESC helps maximize driver control in all conditions by combining both engine torque and brake control to regulate wheel spin at all driving speeds. When the system senses impending wheel slip during acceleration, it signals the throttle control to reduce drive wheel torque. Under extreme situations, such as going from pavement to ice during acceleration, the system will selectively apply the brakes to maintain control. An ESC button on the center stack allows the driver to partially turn off the system.

Other features in the Fiat 500L's ESC system:
    Electronic brake-force distribution (EBD)
    Electronic rollover mitigation (ERM)
    Hill-start Assist (HSA)
    Brake traction-control system (BTCS)
    Brake Assist

Technology
Chrysler Group LLC's heritage as a technology leader is enriched with the debut of the 500L, the first FIAT brand vehicle to integrate the Uconnect brand of connected features.

All-new Uconnect 5.0 and 6.5
The all-new FIAT 500L uniquely showcases Uconnect's distinctive handling of in-vehicle handsfree communication, entertainment and navigation.

The all-new Uconnect 5.0 system features a 5-inch touchscreen that enables handsfree calling via Bluetooth-equipped phones, as well as voice-command control of AM/FM and optional SiriusXM Radio. Compatible smartphones equipped with Bluetooth and Message Access Profile (MAP) can receive text messages. The system announces receipt of the message, identifies the sender and then "reads" the message aloud.

In addition, digital music can be streamed wirelessly from compatible Bluetooth smartphones or audio players supported by a media hub equipped with auxiliary jack and USB that enables recharging and seamless operation of portable devices. An integrated CD player offers additional media flexibility.

Upping the ante is the available Uconnect 6.5 model with a 6.5-inch touchscreen display, voice operation of AM/FM and standard satellite radio, mobile phones and dealer-activated navigation with intuitive map graphics. Additional features include handsfree calling and audio streaming via compatible Bluetooth-enabled phones, text-message reader, personalization settings and a premium media hub with SD card reader. Both Uconnect 5.0 and 6.5 systems are available with optional Parkview rear backup camera.

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Dacia Sandero Stepway, 2013

 

 

•  Dacia Sandero Stepway, 2013

New Dacia Sandero Stepway, a modern hatchback with a muscular, "go-anywhere" look, has been upgraded with even more attractive styling. Accounting for half of total sales of the previous generation, the new model with its distinctive exterior and interior design is set to appeal to an even broader base of customers looking for a charismatic vehicle.

New Sandero Stepway is ready for adventure with its raised ground clearance, 40 mm higher than Sandero in Western Europe and 26 mm higher in countries with raised suspension systems such as Romania.

The styling of New Sandero Stepway is more harmonious and "all-terrain" than ever with its redesigned front end and special body features, including front and rear skid plates, fog lamps, two-tone bumper, pronounced wheel arches, 16-inch Flexwheels rims, two-tone longitudinal roof bars, and exclusive Azurite blue paint.

Distinctive interior and comprehensive equipment
New Sandero Stepway gets specially-embroidered upholstery and grey overstitching for a bolder look.

New Sandero Stepway will now be available in two versions: an entry-level model, for affordable access to the Stepway look, and a fully-equipped model featuring the MEDIA NAV multimedia system, air conditioning, cruise control, speed limiter and rear parking sensors.

The same off-road qualities
New Sandero Stepway is still built on the B0 platform with its renowned comfort and roadholding. With its raised ground clearance, front and rear skid plates and mud flaps, New Sandero Stepway keeps all of its off-road qualities.

With New Logan, New Sandero and New Sandero Stepway, Dacia styling becomes more assertive and upmarket

Dacia's new design identity emphasises quality and strength. The three restyled models share the same harmonious front end, radiating outwards from the Dacia logo in the grille. The design of the large headlights and grille gives the cars a more expressive face.

In profile, the proportion of body to glazed surfaces underlines the impression of robustness, helped by a sculpted waist line, more emphatic wheelarches and flanks found on each new model.

More appeal inside
The three new models feature a new dark-carbon or two-tone dashboard (according to model and version) home to comprehensive and contemporary-style instrumentation, with chrome-surrounded dials and latest-generation, eminently functional controls.

The air-vent surrounds, steering-wheel logo and gear-stick handle label are chrome-finished (according to trim level). The central fascia is highlighted by a color wheel trim embellisher (according to trim) that matches the door handles and the design strip on the steering wheel.

Aesthetic quality has been enhanced through the clever choice of materials and flusher fit.

Gasoline: TCe 90
For the first time, New Dacia Logan and New Dacia Sandero are available with the TCe 90, a new symbol of the Renault group's powertrain excellence. This exceptional engine combines driving pleasure and comfort with controlled fuel consumption (54.3 mpg) and CO2 emissions (120 g/km) for reduced running costs.

Featuring the latest technology and downsizing techniques, the TCe 90 is a three-cylinder, 898cc turbocharged gasoline engine. With its ultra-low-inertia turbocharger plus variable valve timing, it delivers 66 kW (90 hp) at 5,250 rpm and generates 135 Nm from low engine speeds (90% from 1,650 rpm), making it a lively and responsive performer with smooth acceleration. It brings drivers a best-in-class balance between driving performance and fuel consumption.

Gasoline: 1.2 16v 75 (Euro 5)
This 1,149cc engine, developing 55 kW (75 hp), is an impressive all-rounder, equally at ease in the city or out on the open road. Fuel consumption is an impressive 47.8 mpg, for CO2 emissions of 137 g/km on New Dacia Logan and New Dacia Sandero. The 1.2 16V 75 engine is also available in an LPG version for lower running costs and just 125g/km of CO2 (in course of homologation, unavailable in UK).

Diesel: dCi 75 and 90 (Euro 5)
Renowned for its driving pleasure, performance reliability, and environmental respect, the 1.5 dCi is available in 55 kW (75 hp) and 66 kW (90 hp) versions. With a torque increase of 20 Nm - 200 Nm of torque at 1,750 rpm for the 75 hp unit and 220 Nm at 1,750 rpm for the 90 hp unit -the 1.5 dCi engine is responsive from even the lowest engine speeds. This performance comes hand in hand with some of the lowest fuel consumption figures in the segment, at 74.3 mpg, for CO2 emissions of 99 g/km for New Logan and Sandero, over a combined cycle representing a decrease of 5 g. Both engines naturally carry the Dacia eco2 signature.

New Dacia Sandero Stepway: TCe 90 and dCi 90
Equipped with the TCe 90, the latest example of the Group's mechanical expertise, New Sandero Stepway consumes 52.3 mpg for CO2 emissions of 125 g/km.

The dCi 90 version bears the Dacia eco² signature in recognition of its low consumption (68.9 mpg) and emission (105 g/km) levels over a combined cycle.

DaciaPlug&Radio
New Logan, Sandero and Sandero Stepway are available with the Dacia Plug&Radio multimedia solution. Plug&Radio consists of a wide screen and an MP3-compatible CD player, plus Bluetooth® technology, fascia jack and USB sockets, and steering wheel-mounted controls. With Bluetooth® technology drivers can make hands-free calls, with synchronised contacts book and call history, and listen to their favourite tunes by audio streaming through the car's speakers.

MEDIA NAV multimedia system
After debuting on Dacia Lodgy and Dokker, MEDIA NAV is available on all three new models. The simple and user-friendly system, fitted seamlessly in the central fascia, comprises in-car navigation, a radio, Bluetooth® hands-free connectivity and audio streaming, all controlled via a 7-inch (18-cm) touch screen. Navigating the system is easy, via the Menu page. Occupants can also hook up their nomad devices via the USB and jack sockets, mounted on the central fascia for enhanced access and ergonomics, and play them using the touch controls on the screen or the buttons on the steering wheel.

The intuitive touch screen features 2D and "Birdview" (3D) graphics. Customers can update and add mapping content using the USB socket and Naviextra website.

Speed limiter/cruise control and rear parking sensors
A cruise control system - new to the Dacia range - will be available (depending on the version) on New Logan and Sandero, alongside the speed limiter. Rear parking sensors are now available depending on trim level.

Passive safety
For maximum passenger protection, New Dacia Logan, Sandero and Sandero Stepway benefit from all the safety expertise of Renault's engineers. Seatbelts are equipped with calibrated load limiters for thorax protection in the event of impact. The three models also feature Isofix anchorage points in the two rear lateral seats for easy and 100% safe installation of child seats. Every trim level is fitted as standard with front and side driver and passenger airbags and ESC.

Wide range of accessories
For extra personalisation, Dacia proposes a broad range of accessories for everyday use including side mouldings, floor mats, headrest hangers and boot nets. Weekend getaways and holidays have never been easier thanks to a roof box, ski rack, towing hook, bike rack and portable coolbox. Customers can also customise their Dacia using decal strips, exclusive wheel rims and fog light surrounds.

Roominess and load capacity from the segment above
The interior and exterior dimensions of the three new models are as generous as ever, worthy of the segment above. Rear elbow room in New Sandero is 1436 mm, giving enough room to seat three adults comfortably or install three child seats.

Boot volume, as high as 510 dm3 VDA for New Logan (320 dm3 VDA for Sandero), remains unbeatable given the price and the compact exterior dimensions of the vehicle. Practicality and versatility also remain strong points, thanks to the 60/40 split-folding rear bench.

The cabin has been enhanced to bring occupants more storage possibilities, notably with the addition of a central cubby box. The storage spaces in the front and rear doors are large enough to house a 1.5-litre and 0.5-litre bottle respectively.

Driving comfort and efficiency
As all the models in the Dacia range, New Logan, Sandero and Sandero Stepway have excellent ground clearance enabling them to take on all kinds of road conditions. They also feature robust underbody protection for impressive performance on unpaved tracks.

Acoustic comfort has also been improved through additional soundproofing material in the engine compartment and controlled road noise.

Dacia, a reliable brand that perfectly meets customer needs
Dacia customers have simple and well-targeted needs. They are looking for generous, simple and reliable vehicles that are smart and affordable. Dacia's is a practical offering that responds perfectly to the expectations of its customers.

Marketing an increasingly wide range of vehicles (Logan, Logan MCV, Sandero Stepway, Duster, Lodgy, Dokker, Dokker Van), Dacia is posting remarkable quality results. In the latest 2012 results of ADAC, the benchmark German organisation, the reliability of Dacia vehicles has improved continuously over the last three years and Sandero is number four in its category. In February, the brand ranked number-one on reliability in a survey carried out with 30,000 customers by consumer organisations in Belgium, France, Spain, Italy and Portugal.

Dacia builds durably reliable cars and is winning the trust of its customers
Dacia vehicles, like Renault ones, are tested in the most extreme conditions. In addition to conventional bench tests, the Renault group puts its vehicles through demanding tests in real-world conditions to confirm their durability. Logan, for example, was tested over 1.9 million kilometres. Dacia cars are designed from the outset to be sold internationally, and notably in emerging markets. They are developed according to demanding specifications given the diversity of road and weather conditions in such countries.

All Dacia models are covered by a 3 year/60,000 miles manufacturer warranty, with service at all dealerships in the network and top-level repair expertise with manufacturer parts. The warranty is targeted at winning new customers, raising awareness of the brand, and building a relationship of trust with customers.

Dacia benefits from the quality expertise of Renault, which has become a leading carmaker on reliability, largely the result of a global group quality policy launched in 2003.

Dacia relies on Renault group and Alliance know-how in standards and processes

New Logan, Sandero and Sandero Stepway will be produced at the Pitesti plant in Romania and the SOMACA plant in Casablanca, Morocco for the regional market (including Morocco and Tunisia). Starting in the second-half of 2013, New Sandero will also be produced at the Tangier plant in Morocco.

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Chevrolet Silverado, 2014

 

 

 

•  Chevrolet Silverado, 2014

Chevrolet unveiled the all-new 2014 Silverado 1500 full-size pickup. New from hood to hitch, Chevy Silverado is engineered to be the strongest, smartest, and most capable Silverado ever.

The new Silverado builds on Chevrolet's 95 years of truck heritage, while raising the bar for full-size pickups. Among the many updates for 2014 are a new trio of powerful, efficient EcoTec3 engines; a stronger, quieter, more comfortable cab; revised steering, suspension and brakes; ingenious solutions for managing cargo in the bed and true truck capability for towing and hauling.

The 2014 Silverado will become part of Chevrolet's three-truck portfolio, designed to let customers select the right truck for their needs. It joins the Chevrolet Silverado 2500 and 3500 HD pickups, the ultimate tools for towing and hauling, which were new for the 2011 model year. Chevrolet is also developing an all-new Colorado midsize pickup, which will offer proven truck capability in a space- and fuel-efficient package.

Every detail of the 2014 Chevrolet Silverado 1500 was designed and engineered to meet the exacting requirements of full-size truck customers and to strengthen Chevrolet's reputation for building the most dependable, longest-lasting full-size trucks - trucks with the lowest overall cost of ownership.

The Chevrolet Silverado 1500 is designed and engineered to deliver the capability - without compromise - that customers have come to expect from Chevrolet pickups.

Chevrolet Silverado's exterior design blends strong Chevy truck heritage with a refined, modern aesthetic. The new design is more muscular, more functional and more aerodynamic. A twin-port grille, full-width bumper and dual power dome hood create a strong presence, which is carried through in sculpted body sides and fender flares.

The new Silverado design is about much more than just looks, however. The new front end is engineered to improve sealing for more efficient cooling, while the roof and tailgate spoiler were shaped in the wind tunnel to smooth airflow over the truck for reduced drag. New inlaid doors, which fit into recesses in the bodyside, reduce wind noise for a quieter cab.

Under the hood, the 2014 Silverado 1500 features a family of three all-new EcoTec3 engines, a V-6 and two V-8s, engineered specifically for use in full-size trucks. All three engines incorporate direct fuel injection, cylinder deactivation and continuously variable valve timing, a combination of advanced technologies not found in other competitors' trucks. All three switch seamlessly to four-cylinder operation to improve efficiency during light load driving and all three are engineered provide more power, more torque and better efficiency than the previous versions.

The engine family includes a new 4.3L V-6 that will have ample torque to power a crew cab pickup and tow a substantial trailer, as well as a new 5.3L V-8 designed for more power, more torque and better efficiency than the current version, which is currently the V-8 fuel economy leader. A new 6.2L V-8 is engineered to be the most capable engine in any light-duty pickup.

SAE certified horsepower and torque ratings and EPA fuel economy estimates for the new Chevrolet Silverado will be final and available beginning early next year.

The all-new interiors of the 2014 Silverado 1500 reflect the same focus on form and function. The upright instrument panel, six-gauge instrument cluster and multiple storage options are tailored specifically to the needs of truck customers. Controls are functional, logically placed and easy to operate with work gloves on. Rear doors on crew cabs are larger, for easier entry and exit, and rear doors on extended cab models are now hinged at the front for easier access, especially in tight spots.

The new Chevrolet MyLink provides easy-to-use connectivity for the job site or the family vacation, with natural voice recognition and enough ports and power outlets to support multiple devices.

The new truck cab is stronger, with nearly two-thirds of the structure made from high-strength steel for a confident feel and improved safety. Similarly, the main rails and key cross members of the updated frame are high-strength steel with major elements hydroformed for reduced mass and improved strength.

New shear-style body mounts tune out both up-and-down and side-to-side movement for a quieter, more comfortable ride. Extended- and crew-cab models have a third set of hydraulic body mounts to further isolate the cabs. Combined with numerous other acoustic and NVH (noise vibration and harshness) enhancements, the intended result is a solid, refined feel with no loss in traditional truck capability.

The pickup box also benefits from this focus on providing Chevrolet Silverado customers with the right tools for the job. The box is made from roll-formed steel for increased strength and reduced mass, compared with the stamped beds used by major competitors, and it features a range of smart solutions for everyday life.

Silverado's CornerStep bumper, combined with handholds built into the new box rail protectors, makes it easier to access the box. The bed is also available with new upper tie-down hooks, under-rail light-emitting diode lighting, and an EZ Lift and Lower tailgate.

For the first time, Silverado 1500 crew cabs will be available with a longer 6'6" foot box, in addition to the previous 5'8" box, enabling customers to carry more cargo while still being able to park in many garages.

The chassis of the 2014 Chevrolet Silverado includes a number of customer-focused updates. A revised front and rear suspension and wider wheels provide a more comfortable ride and more confident handling. Electric power steering improves steering feel and reduces fuel consumption. New four-wheel-disc brakes with Duralife ™ rotors improve brake feel and extend rotor life.

Silverado will be available with segment-exclusive safety features such as Forward Collision Alert, Lane Departure Warning with an Active Safety Seat, and Front and Rear Park Assist. StabiliTrak with Trailer Sway Control and Hill Start Assist are standard on all Silverados.

Engineered and validated for demanding customers
Truck customers are among the most discerning and demanding in the business. They know trucks inside out - many have owned trucks for decades. They work their trucks hard, under conditions that would shock many car owners. They have tough tasks to do, and they expect their trucks to do them, without complaint. And they expect their trucks to endure - the average age of a full-size pickup is now more than 10.4 years.

The team that designed the new Silverado went to extremes to design a new truck that would exceed the demands of these customers.

For example, GM's new full-size trucks will undergo more than 6 million miles of durability testing in the torture chambers at the Milford Proving Ground, over the deserts and mountains of Nevada and across the frozen flats of Kapuskasing, Ontario. That's equivalent to 240 trips around the earth. In addition, the trucks will accumulate more than 7 million real-world miles during final testing, bringing total test miles to more than 13 million.

The increased power, torque and efficiency of the new EcoTec3 engine family resulted from an unprecedented level of computer analysis, including extensive computational flow dynamics, to optimize the burning of air and fuel in the cylinders. More than 10 million of hours of computational analysis went into the engine program. More than 6 million hours - about 685 years' worth - of analysis went into the advanced combustion system alone.

Even the basics, like the new inlaid doors, were tested to the extreme, with the doors undergoing nearly 150 truck lives' worth of testing.

The 2014 Silverado 1500 crew cab will start production in the second quarter of 2013, with other cab styles following later in the year.

A modern interpretation of iconic Chevrolet design
For the 2014 Chevrolet Silverado, designers sought to strike the ideal balance between Chevrolet's deep heritage in full-size pickups and a more modern, refined aesthetic. They also sought to give the new Silverado a more dramatic presence, with a heightened stance and more structural, muscular sheet metal, while also improving aerodynamics to make the new Silverado quieter and more efficient.

The classic two-port Chevrolet truck grille, restyled headlamps and one-piece bumper wrap from fender to fender, giving the truck a wider, stronger stance. The grille of the new Silverado is designed to admit the just right amount of air, and the front is carefully sealed to provide efficient cooling with minimal aerodynamic drag.

A modern interpretation of Chevrolet vertically stacked headlamps includes projector beam lamps on LTZ models. A new hood with twin power domes not only enhances visual presence, but it guides air over the windshield wipers for reduced wind noise.

The more aggressive design continues down the body, with sculpted body sides and prominent fender flares. Available wheel well liners provide a more finished look. Wheels range from 17 to 20 inches in diameter and all are a half-inch wider than before, for reduced tire flex and enhanced cornering and steering. Twenty-two-inch wheels will be available as Chevrolet accessories.

Special attention was paid to airflow over the truck, to improve efficiency and reduce wind noise. Most notable are the inlaid doors, which fit into body sides rather than wrapping over the roof. When combined with new triple door seals, the inlaid doors reduce wind noise and turbulence, helping quiet the cab.

Other aerodynamic details include new cab-to-box seals, shields on the chassis to smooth under-vehicle air flow, and deflectors to guide air around the rear tires. Both the roof and the top of the tailgate were precisely shaped to help manage airflow over the back of the pickup.

Also for 2014, rear doors on crew cab models are larger. The B-pillars were moved forward, the rear seat redesigned and the front seatbacks made thinner, adding about two inches to rear legroom and increasing the ease of entry and exit without adding length to the vehicle. On extended cab Silverados, the rear doors now hinge at the front, from the B-pillar, for easier access in parking lot and other tight spots.

Three all-new EcoTec3 engines
The heart of any truck is under its hood and the 2014 Chevy Silverado 1500 offers three new EcoTec3 engines developed specifically for the demands of truck duty cycles. All feature a trio of state-of-the-art technologies - direct injection, cylinder deactivation and continuously variable valve timing - that optimize power, torque and efficiency across a broad range of operating conditions.

The new trio of engines is designed to match the needs of truck customers, and to provide more horsepower, more torque and better fuel economy than previous Silverado engines.

All three engines feature an advanced combustion system for more efficiently turning fuel into work and all three are designed to seamlessly switch to four-cylinder mode to improve efficiency during light-load driving.

To provide the dependability and low cost of ownership that truck customers count on, all three engines feature a work-tested, race-proven overhead valve design that is light and compact, and has inherently low friction for improved fuel efficiency. All three feature aluminum blocks and heads for lower weight. (For more details, see the accompanying EcoTec3 Engines release.)

The new engine family:

• A new standard 4.3L V-6. Its large displacement delivers the torque to power a crew cab and pull a substantial trailer, yet it can seamlessly shift into four-cylinder mode under light loads for improved efficiency.
• A new 5.3L V-8. It is engineered to provide more horsepower, more torque and better fuel economy that the current 5.3L V-8, making it an excellent choice for mainstream customers.
• A new 6.2L V-8. It is engineered to be the most capable engine in any light-duty pickup. Like the other two engines in the family, it can seamlessly switch to four-cylinder mode under light load conditions for improved efficiency in daily driving.

The 2014 Silverado 1500 is engineered to further improve efficiency by enabling the engines to operate in four-cylinder mode more of the time. For example, transmission and exhaust mounts tune out vibration that can occur when the engines are in four-cylinder mode, and an active exhaust system fine tunes backpressure and the exhaust note for smoother, quieter operation. Models with the 6.2L V-8 feature active noise cancellation to further quiet the cabin during four-cylinder mode.

All three engines feature a six-speed automatic transmission with gear ratios and shift schedules optimized for performance and efficiency. The transmissions feature Auto Grade Braking, which downshifts on downgrades to help reduce brake wear. Due to the added torque of the new V-8 engines, new 9.5- or 9.76-inch rear axles are used.

More comfortable, more functional interior
With crew cabs now accounting for more than two-thirds of light-duty sales industry-wide, pickups are increasingly becoming multi-purpose tools, used to run a business or earn a living during the day and transporting friends and family during the time off. To accommodate those needs Chevrolet Silverado designers sought to craft an interior that was quieter, roomier, more comfortable and more functional, without making it look like the interior of a car or crossover.

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BMW M6 Coupe US-Version, 2013

 

 

•  BMW M6 Coupe US-Version, 2013

The iconic BMW M5 Sedan and M6 Coupe went on sale in the US in August 2012 after a two year hiatus. They are more powerful, more athletic, more luxurious and more efficient than ever before. They join the all-new BMW M6 Convertible which first arrived in US BMW Center showrooms in July 2012. For more than a quarter century, the BMW M5 and M6 have exemplified the luxury and daily versatility of a true BMW combined with all-out super car performance.

The BMW M5 and M6 are ultra-high-performance sports cars with exceptional dynamic abilities which have been carefully tuned by M engineers on racetracks around the world under all conditions. Simultaneously, the BMW M5 and M6 bring new standards for daily driving comfort and features. To achieve these lofty goals, the new BMW M5 Sedan, M6 Coupe, and M6 Convertible share the most powerful engine ever fitted in a series-produced model from BMW M GmbH mated to a high-torque 7-speed M-Double Clutch Transmission (M-DCT). An innovative Active M Differential further splits power transfer between the rear wheels. This drivetrain, combined with extensive chassis and suspension upgrades ensure that the engine's performance can be transferred to the ground.

The engine: High-Revving V8 Engine with M Twin Power Turbo Technology

The new engine shared by the BMW M5 and M6 has the highest output ever generated by a BMW M car, and at the same time provides the most efficient balance between performance and fuel consumption. It is characterized by immediate throttle response, a linear power band and an unusually high and flat torque curve. The new engine produces around 10% higher output than the V10 engine of its predecessors and torque is up by over 30%. At the same time, fuel efficiency has improved by nearly 25 percent.

To achieve the performance levels demanded by the BMW M5 and M6, the engineers at BMW M started with the proven BMW M developed V8 engine from the BMW X5 M / X6 M (internally known as the S63) and further developed it for its duty in the latest M5 and M6 models. Internally designated as the S63Tü this new engine uses similar M Twin Power technology combined with the reverse flow V8 layout. The result is that the high-revving V8 engine with M Twin Power Turbo Technology lends a whole new intensity to the powerful thrust at higher rev ranges for which M cars are known. The 4.4-liter engine develops a peak output of 560 hp (412 kW) at 5,750 - 7,000 rpm (versus 555 hp at 6,000 rpm for the S63), while its maximum torque of 500 lb-ft (680 Nm) is on tap between 1,500 and 5,750 rpm (versus 500 lb-ft from 1,500 to 5650 rpm for the S63). The rev limiter intervenes at 7,200 rpm (up 200 rpm from the S63 engine). The rev band, which offers extremely dynamic acceleration between peak torque and the availability of maximum output, is therefore almost three times as wide as that of the V10 engine in the previous generation M5/M6.

As in the V-8 engine of the X5 M, the two twin-scroll turbochargers, along with the catalytic converters, are placed in the V-space between the two cylinder banks in a reverse flow layout. This layout results in an unusually compact engine where the intake is moved outboard and the exhaust inboard - the opposite of conventional V-engines. The lengths of intake and exhaust tracts are thereby reduced and their diameters increased, reducing pressure losses - especially on the exhaust side. A further advantage of the layout is the short distance between the cylinders' combustion chambers and the primary catalytic converters; this leads to quicker warm-up of the catalysts after the engine is started and therefore lower start-up emissions.

The patented cross-bank exhaust manifold, first introduced in the S63 engine of the X5 M / X6 M is also employed in the S63Tü. This exhaust manifold is a special 8-into-4 setup that combines the exhaust from two cylinders (on opposite banks) that are 360 degrees of crankshaft rotation apart from each other. Each of the eight runners is of identical length to ensure perfectly regular timing of exhaust gas pulses.

Each of the four manifold outlets is fed into each of the four available scrolls of the two twin-scroll turbochargers. The two scrolls of a twin-scroll turbo lead each exhaust pulse directly to the turbine without feedback or interference from the other scroll (that are fed by cylinders at other points in the combustion process). Additionally, dividing the gases into two smaller paths (scrolls) results in higher gas velocity than a single larger path. This enhances the turbocharger's response thereby reducing lag. The crossover manifold is configured so that the second scroll of the turbo is fed by two cylinders that are 180 degrees out of phase with the first scroll. In this way each turbocharger receives distinct exhaust pulses every 180 degrees of crankshaft rotation (from one of four cylinders). Furthermore, the two turbos receive exhaust pulses that are 90 degrees offset from each other. The result is that throttle response is sharpened and turbo lag is reduced to a minimum. The new engine also sports larger intake runners, larger air to liquid inter coolers and a tuned exhaust which results in the engine making power more quickly than previously possible. Finally, the S63Tü uses a maximum boost pressure of 1.5 bar (21.7 psi) versus 1.2 bar (17.4 psi) for the S63 engine.

BMW's efficient High Precision direct fuel injection also plays a major role in this engine's combination of high performance and fuel efficiency. High Precision direct fuel injection ensures an extremely precise supply of fuel to the combustion chambers. Injectors positioned centrally between the valves within immediate range of the spark plugs spray the fuel into the combustion chambers with maximum pressure of 200 bar (nearly 3000 psi), providing smooth and clean combustion. Innovative solenoid valve injectors in the new BMW M5/M6 engine use multiple injections per combustion cycle to achieve an extremely precise mixture preparation. The fuel also has a cooling effect on the combustion that allowed the M engineers to endow the engine with a high compression ratio of 10:1. This high compression ratio contributes to both performance and efficiency, while reducing exhaust emissions - and even has a positive effect on engine sound.

Throughout its history, the heart of the BMW M5 and M6 has been its high-revving, high output-per-liter engine fed by individual throttle plates. The new engine introduces VALVETRONIC variable valve control system to a BMW M engine - effectively providing 16 individual throttles.

VALVETRONIC is BMW's patented fully variable valve control system that eliminates the need for conventional throttles. Engine power is instead controlled directly by varying the amount of lift of the intake valves. Pumping losses are minimized with this system and resulting in efficiency and torque improvements. VALVETRONIC has also sharpened the responsiveness of this engine compared to the V10 engine it replaces.

The M Twin Power Technology of the new V8 engine also includes BMW's Double VANOS infinitely-variable valve timing system which optimizes the engine's efficiency and generates high torque at low engine revs. In addition, a volume-controlled oil pump and a range of other Efficient Dynamics measures deliver an extra boost to efficiency. The new BMW M5 and M6 feature both Brake Energy Regeneration and the Auto Start-Stop function, which automatically switches off the engine when the car comes to a stop.

The engine's exhilarating thrust gives both models impressive acceleration. The instant power delivery and sustained thrust of the engine results in acceleration of 0 - 60 mph in 4.1 seconds for the Coupe and 4.2 seconds for the Convertible. The top speed of both models is electronically limited to 155 mph (250 km/h). The sprint for the BMW M5 from rest to the 60 mph (0-100 km/h) mark is all over in 4.2 seconds (4.3 for the 6-speed manual) and from that point progress continues with barely any let-up. Maximum speed is electronically restricted to 155 mph (250 km/h). While the engine's output has increased by around 10% and maximum torque is up by more than 30%, the new BMW M5 and M6 models consume roughly 25% less fuel and have a highway range about 34% higher than their predecessors.

M Twin Power Turbo Technology also shapes the development of the V8 engine's soundtrack. The concept of crossover exhaust manifolds plays a key role in delivering a multi-layered collage of sound. The twin-tailpipe exhaust system of the new BMW M5 and M6 runs largely in a straight line and has a large cross section. The two exhaust pipes feed into a single muffler from which the customary M quad tailpipes extend out through the far left and right-hand sides of the rear diffuser.

7-speed M Double Clutch Transmission with Drive logic
The new V8 engine M Twin Power Turbo engine is mated to a newly developed 7-speed double-clutch transmission designed to handle the high torque and high revving nature of the engine. The M DCT with Drivelogic System developed especially for the new M5 and M6 has been tuned to the performance characteristics of the engine. It delivers exceptionally fast and clean gear changes in both automatic mode (D) and manual mode (S). No clutch pedal is required for manual gearshifts and the driver can keep their foot on the accelerator during gear changes. The driver uses the model-specific M gear selector to choose between D and S mode and to engage reverse. Comfort is further enhanced by the new Low Speed Assistance function, which smoothes power delivery in stop-and-go traffic with a light touch of the accelerator pedal.

The transmission offers a sequential shift pattern for the manual gearshift mode. Alternatively, the driver can also change gears manually using the shift paddles on the newly developed M leather steering wheel, complete with multifunction buttons. In typical M configuration, the driver pulls the right-hand paddle to shift up and the left-hand paddle to shift down. The new M steering wheel stands out with its smaller rim diameter and a design that borrows from the double-spoke design of the M light-alloy wheels.

M DCT with Drivelogic offers three shift programs in both automatic and manual modes. The driver selects his/her desired mode using the rocker switch positioned immediately below the shift lever on the center console. The D1 program is selected automatically when the engine is started, tailoring gear selection to deliver the most efficient possible driving style. D2 mode supports laid-back cruising with gear changes carried out according to engine revs and load. And, to promote a sporty driving style laced with dynamic acceleration, shift times in D3 mode are set up to delay gear changes until the engine has climbed higher up the rev range.

Drivers can also adapt the shift characteristics to their requirements in Manual mode. S1 mode generates comfortable and smooth gear changes. In S2, the gear changes are completed noticeably faster and accompanied by significant shift kick at higher revs. S3 is the one to choose for maximum driving dynamics; it enables even sportier gear changes and is required to initiate the Launch Control function. When the stability control system is switched off, Launch Control allows the driver to achieve maximum acceleration from a standstill as permitted by conditions. During Launch Control acceleration, each gear shift takes place automatically and at the optimum engine speed.

Active M Differential
The Active M Differential in the new BMW M5 and M6 is an electronically controlled multi-plate limited-slip differential programmed to optimize traction, stability and sporting character.

The rear axle's multi-plate limited-slip differential works with high precision and speed. Its control unit is connected with the Dynamic Stability Control (DSC) system via FlexRay high-speed data transfer technology and constantly cross-checks the data collected by its sensors with the feedback from DSC. It then uses this information to calculate the locking force required to deliver optimum traction and stability. The data recorded by DSC sensors is also passed on if the stability control system is switched off. The locking force within the differential can be varied continuously between 0 and 100%. The ABS system retains full functionality in all situations.

In addition to its own data and that provided by DSC, the Active M Differential's control unit also takes into account the position of the accelerator pedal, the rotational speed of the wheels and the car's yaw rate. Every driving situation is therefore analyzed so that any loss of traction on one side of the car is identified at an early stage. The degree of lock is adjusted as required within a fraction of a second, enabling wheel spin to be prevented on slippery surfaces, when the right and left rear wheel have widely differing friction coefficients and in tight corners. Optimizing traction in this way also provides unbeatable driving stability in challenging conditions and allows impressive dynamic acceleration out of corners.

M-Specific Chassis
Each component in the suspension and chassis of the new BMW M5 and M6 has been developed based on the extensive race expertise of BMW M engineers. In both models, the integral rear axle subframe is directly bolted to the body to maximize body rigidity and handling precision. Reinforced chassis mountings for the front and rear suspension ensure that dynamic forces are passed through to the body structure. Specially tuned axle kinematics and newly developed forged aluminum suspension components boasting impressive strength and minimized weight meet both the requirements of everyday road driving and the specialized demands of track use. The result is that the BMW M5 and BMW M6 continue the BMW M tradition of engineering a chassis that is "faster than the engine". As with every BMW M car, the engineers carried out the fine-tuning during extensive testing on the Nürburgring Nordschleife circuit.

Dynamic Damper Control (DDC) electronically controlled shock absorbers are standard on the new BMW M5/M6. DDC uses electro-hydraulic damping force adjustment to provide a set-up suited to the driving situation and the wishes of the driver. The shock settings can be adjusted at the touch of a button. In "Comfort" mode, they respond adaptively to the condition of the road surface and the driver's style. "Sport" mode activates a noticeably stiffer damper set-up, while "Sport +" allows further stiffening of the suspension to achieve maximum longitudinal and lateral acceleration in ultra-dynamic driving situations.

At the touch of a button, the driver can also select from three settings for the M-specific Servotronic speed-sensitive power steering. "Comfort" mode requires only a small amount of steering force when parking or maneuvering, but still provides the M brand's hallmark direction-changing precision at higher speeds. "Sport" ensures the driver enjoys more intensive feedback across all speed ranges. "Sports Plus" is the highest level of steering dynamics that can be selected where the driver is called on to use even greater force with the steering wheel.

The new BMW M5 and BMW M6 also use BMW's most advanced Dynamic Stability Control (DSC) and Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) that include Cornering Brake Control (CBC), Dynamic Brake Control (DBC), Brake Assistant, brake fade compensation, a Brake Drying function and Start-off Assistant. The DSC system has three levels of operation. The default is "DSC On" which provides the greatest level of stability and traction control. M Dynamic Mode (MDM) can be activated to override the basic setting by pressing the DSC button on the center console. This mode allows for very spirited driving - as on a race track - while still providing a safety net, by raising the intervention thresholds of DSC. "DSC Off" mode can also be activated at the touch of a button for complete deactivation of the system.

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