Cadillac ATS, 2013

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cadillac ATS, 2013

Cadillac introduced the 2013 ATS, an all-new compact luxury sports sedan intended to challenge the world's best premium cars. Developed on an all-new, lightweight vehicle architecture, Cadillac's entry into the world's most significant luxury car segment goes on sale in summer 2012.

The rear-drive ATS brings Cadillac's blend of technologically driven performance, elegance and design to a new audience of spirited drivers. Its sophisticated driving experience is enhanced with Cadillac CUE, a comprehensive, in-vehicle user experience that merges intuitive design with industry-first controls and commands for information and media data.


The Cadillac ATS is a new expression of Cadillac's Art & Science execution philosophy, built on a foundation of driving dynamics and mass efficiency. It is the most agile and lightweight Cadillac, with one of the lowest curb weights in the segment - less than 3,400 pounds (1,542 kg).

Germany's famed Nürburgring served as one of the key testing grounds, along with additional roads, racetracks and laboratories around the globe, ATS engineers balanced performance with Cadillac's trademark refinement. Contributing components and features :

• Nearly 50/50 weight balance
• Cadillac's first five-link independent rear suspension using lightweight, high-strength steel and efficient straight link designs
• A multi-link double-pivot MacPherson-strut front suspension with direct-acting stabilizer bar
• Driver-adjustable FE3 sport suspension with Magnetic Ride Control real-time damping
• Underbody aerodynamic shields
• Premium (belt driven) electric variable-effort steering gear from ZF Steering Systems
• Four-channel ABS with available Brembo performance brakes
• Available all-wheel drive

A broad lineup of engines - including two four-cylinders and a V-6 for North America - delivers strong power to the Cadillac ATS and capitalizes on the car's lightweight structure to complement its performance with efficiency. The optional engines include an all-new 2.0L turbocharged four-cylinder rated at 270 horsepower (201 kW) and Cadillac's award-winning 3.6L V-6, estimated at 318 horsepower (237 kW).
At 135hp/L, the new 2.0T is one of the most power-dense engines in the industry, topping engines from European competitors. Cadillac ATS will offer both manual and automatic transmission options, along with rear-wheel and all-wheel-drive configurations.
The Cadillac ATS will deliver peak highway fuel economy of more than 30 mpg.

A spirit of lightness and balance
Making the Cadillac ATS one of the segment's lightest cars was a fundamental criterion for and the guiding principle during its development, but it was done in a nuanced manner that ensures a refined driving experience.

Optimizing the Cadillac ATS's mass was the result of a four-pronged philosophy that included strict adherence to original architectural goals, measured load management throughout the vehicle, benchmarking components to see if lighter solutions were available and an overall culture that "weighed" the mass of every component in the car against all aspects of its development.

An aluminum hood, magnesium engine mount brackets and even lightweight, natural-fiber door trim panels contribute to the Cadillac ATS's low overall mass - and reflect the systematic approach of evaluating every gram that went into the car. But some weight was deemed not only beneficial, but essential to the Cadillac ATS's driving experience. An example is the cast iron differential: Engineers found they could improve fuel economy with a cast iron differential rather than a lighter aluminum version.

And while the rear suspension is mostly steel, the focus on load management and straight links enabled significant weight savings without using alternate materials. This helps offset the weight of the engine and transmission at the front of the vehicle, helping the Cadillac ATS deliver its near-perfect 50/50 weight balance, while also contributing to lower noise and vibration. A similar approach was taken on the wheels, where extra structural aluminum was strategically added to further reduce vibration.

Tailored design weaves in signature style and refinement
The 2013 ATS interprets Cadillac's Art & Science design language in a new proportion, tailoring the signature styling and refinement cues for the most compact Cadillac while upholding - and advancing - the exemplary attention to detail and technological elements for which the brand is known.

A long, 109.3-inch (2,775 mm) wheelbase and wide front/rear tracks are the cornerstones of the Cadillac ATS's firmly planted stance, which is enhanced by short overhangs and taut sheet metal that appears to wrap tightly around the tires. Seventeen-inch wheels are standard and 18-inch wheels are available.

Bold vertical lighting elements - including new LED front signature lighting detail - as well as illuminating door handles and active grille shutters lend technologically advanced style and function to the Cadillac ATS. The grille shutters close at certain highway speeds to reduce aerodynamic drag and enhance fuel economy.

A driver-focused interior with integrated technology and crafted materials complements the exterior elements and supports the ATS's driving experience. Everything from the placement of the pedals to the position of the shifter is designed for effortless and intuitive performance driving. Available performance seats have power-adjustable bolsters to optimize lateral support during high-load cornering.

Contributing to the interior's intuitive feel is an instrument panel that wraps into the doors and a center stack in the mid-instrument panel that flows into the center console. LED lighting for the bold gauge cluster enables clear, at-a-glance viewing in all lighting conditions, while ambient lighting accents functional elements of the console and doors.

Real wood, plated metal plating and carbon fiber trim and Cadillac's cut-and-sew instrument panel, console and doors enhance the emotional connection to the Cadillac ATS. Choices of many interior color themes, each with unique accent trim material, cover a wide range of flavors - from light, open and warm to black and serious, to bold, technical and sporty.

CUE and ATS technologies
The ATS is offered with Cadillac CUE, a comprehensive, in-vehicle experience that merges intuitive design with auto industry-first controls and commands for information and entertainment data. It is designed to be unique for each consumer, from the "simple user" to the fully connected "super user."

CUE, which stands for Cadillac User Experience, pairs entertainment and information data from up to 10 Bluetooth-enabled mobile devices, USBs, SD cards and MP3 players with a vehicle infotainment system that reduces complexity through customized information, voice commands and fewer buttons and larger icons. For example, most of today's luxury cars have around 20 buttons controlling the radio and entertainment functions. CUE has only four.

The heart of CUE is the eight-inch LCD multi-touch sensitive screen, seamlessly integrated into the top of the central instrument panel and a motorized fully capacitive faceplate at the bottom concealing a 1.8L storage area. The vibrant LCD screen displays CUE's home page, which resembles a smart phone's screen by using large, easy-to-target icons to execute commands. Capacitive technology refers to using electrodes to sense the conductive properties of objects, such as a finger.

In addition to CUE, the ATS is offered with other technologies:

•     Bluetooth phone connectivity with voice recognition
•     USB, auxiliary and SD memory card ports
•     SiriusXM Satellite Radio with three-month trial subscription
•     Keyless access and keyless push-button start
•     Reconfigurable 5.7-inch instrument panel cluster display
•     Full-color reconfigurable heads-up display.

The Cadillac ATS is offered as a well-equipped standard model and in Luxury, Performance and Premium Collections. A Bose® Cabin Surround audio system is offered on the standard model, as well as Luxury and Performance Collections. It is standard with the Premium Collection. A navigation system is also available with Luxury and Performance Collections and standard with the Premium Collection.

'Control and alert' safety strategy
Safety in the ATS is based on Cadillac's "control and alert" strategy that employs advanced technologies - including radar, cameras and ultrasonic sensors - to help prevent crashes.
The safety features bolster driver vision and awareness of road hazards, and intervenes to help the driver avert potential crashes. In some cases, Cadillac's advanced crash-avoidance systems will act without the driver, such as automatic braking, which will activate based on information indicating potential hazards.

Among the most sophisticated of the features is Front and Rear Automatic Brakes. This relies on short-range radar technology and ultrasonic sensors to help the driver prevent front and rear low-speed collisions via a progression of alerts that extend to complete braking, if necessary.

Optional advanced safety features:

•     Full Speed Range Adaptive Cruise Control
•     Intelligent Brake Assist
•     Forward Collision Alert
•     Brake Pre-Fill Automatic Collision Preparation
•     Lane Departure Warning
•     Side Blind Zone Alert
•     Rear Vision Camera With Dynamic Guidelines
•     Adaptive Forward Lighting
•     Hill Hold/Start Assist (Standard, manual transmission)

The advanced technology safety features complement the Cadillac ATS's roster of other safety features, including eight standard air bags (10 with optional features), safety belt pretensioners and load limiters, StabiliTrak electronic stability control system with traction control and four-wheel disc brakes with four-channel ABS.

2013 Cadillac ATS also features OnStar standard for one year. It can use GPS and cellular phone technology to automatically call for help in the event of a crash. OnStar service also includes myCadillac and OnStar myLink mobile apps, which offer vehicle information, controls and OnStar services via the customer's iPhone or Android smart phone.

ATS Delivers New Levels of Control and Refinement
The 2013 Cadillac ATS delivers a driving experience that advances the brand's performance legacy with a balance of racetrack-honed control and uncompromising refinement.

The experience is supported by new chassis and suspension systems, excellent power-to-weight ratios across ATS's power-dense powertrain lineup and a robust body structure that enables finer chassis tuning and greater crash protection. Highlights of the chassis and suspension features:

• Cadillac's first five-link independent rear suspension, using high-strength steel and efficient straight link designs
•  A multi-link, double-pivot MacPherson-strut front suspension with direct-acting stabilizer bar
• Driver-adjustable FE3 sport suspension with Magnetic Ride Control real-time damping
• Premium electric variable-effort steering gear by ZF Steering Systems
• Four-channel ABS with available Brembo performance brakes
• Available all-wheel drive.

Before selecting even the first fastener, engineers launched targeted research projects that helped determine the best design and optimal geometries for the front and rear suspensions. Early suspension prototype vehicles were constructed and tested in diverse environments, before complete Cadillac ATS prototypes hit the pavement at GM's global proving grounds, as well as highways and racetracks around the world.

Proportion and balance are definitely on the ATS's side, with a low curb weight of less than 3,400 pounds (1,542 kg) and power-dense powertrains that are also lightweight to achieve a 50/50 weight distribution and a greater power-to-weight ratio. They complement wide front and rear tracks - 59.5-inch/1,512mm (front) and 60-inch/1,548mm (rear) - for a lower center of gravity that promotes greater stability.

Dual ball joints, five links and a limited-slip diff
Up front, a multi-link double-pivot suspension - based on the MacPherson strut design - is used for a more precise feeling of control, including more linear and communicative steering, and a smoother ride. It also improves impact isolation on bumps and rough surfaces.
The double-pivot system incorporates a pair of ball joints and lower control arms - one in tension and the other in compression - to replace a conventional wishbone at each wheel. The control arms, the spindle and the body form an effective four-bar link for each side of the front suspension, creating virtual pivot points for greater camber control. There is also a direct-acting stabilizer bar.

The front suspension's design also enables a longer spindle, larger pivot center and positive-offset steering geometry for optimal steering control, excellent straight-line stability and a more refined ride. High-durometer rubber and hydraulic bushings are used with the front suspension for an excellent balance of ride comfort and precise response when corning.

At the rear of the ATS is the first five-link independent suspension in a Cadillac. It's a design that helps reduces roll center motion, enables positive lateral control, reduces "squat" during acceleration and promotes excellent dynamic stability. In short, it helps keep the tires planted on all surfaces and during all hard-cornering maneuvers.

Four handling links (upper and lower control arms) are used at each side to control wheel motion and a toe link at each wheel provides additional horizontal control - particularly during hard cornering. The upper and lower links create an effective double-wishbone design, although the links are mounted independently.

As with the front suspension, the five-link design creates virtual pivot points that the ATS's engineers used for geometry optimization. The stiff links are mounted on a cradle that contributes to a smoother, quieter and more isolated ride. The cradle is made of steel (with hydroformed side rails) to help optimize the car's structural stiffness and mass.
Seventeen-inch (17x8-inch) wheels used with 225/40-series tires are standard and 18x8-inch wheels and 255/35-series rubber are offered on the Cadillac ATS, with run-flat tires. Models with the FE3 suspension feature 18x9-inch rear wheels.

A mechanical limited-slip differential is a feature not matched by all other competitors and gives the ATS an edge when it comes to ensuring all of the powertrain's torque is applied to the tires during hard cornering. It is standard with the six-speed manual transmission and included with the FE3 sport suspension package. It is housed in a robust 8.6-inch carrier. Other models feature a 7.67-inch carrier.

MRC, electric power steering and other advanced control systems
Supporting the ATS's new suspension designs are advanced damping, steering and braking systems, including Magnetic Ride Control.

Magnetic Ride Control (MRC) is the heart of the FE3 Sport Suspension package, which is included on the Premium Collection and also includes a mechanical limited-slip differential, high-capacity cooling system and 18-inch summer-performance tires. MRC is a real-time damping system that delivers more precise body motion control. It "reads" the road every millisecond and can change damping in only five milliseconds.

With MRC, the conventional mechanical-valve shocks and struts are replaced with electronically controlled units filled with a magneto-rheological fluid, which contains minute iron particles. Under the presence of a magnetic charge, the iron particles align to provide damping resistance almost instantly. Sensor input determines the amount of resistance required, varying the magnetic charge to optimize damping.
Adjustable settings for the FE3 suspension allow the driver to select different ranges of damping for Magnetic Ride Control, including a competitive mode that also adjusts the intervention of the stability control and traction control systems.

All Cadillac ATS models come with a premium electric, variable-assist power steering gear from ZF Steering Systems. It is designed to deliver excellent response and on-center characteristics, while also saving fuel because engine power isn't directly required to assist gear movement - as is the case with conventional hydraulic systems.
The steering gear has great torsional stiffness and lower operating friction, which enhance the steering feel with almost perfect linear response. Additionally, the steering column and intermediate shaft feature stiff, direct-acting and low-friction ball bearing designs. That means there is almost no "lash" in the entire steering system, for a more immediate and connected-to-the-road feel for the driver.

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Chevrolet Camaro Convertible EU Version, 2012

 

 

 

 

 

 

Chevrolet Camaro Convertible EU Version, 2012

It was the muscle car that stole the hearts and imaginations of people everywhere, providing subject matter for wall posters, T-shirts, and songs for four decades. Now it's back, better and mightier than ever, and ready to reclaim its place of honor on European roads - and bedroom walls.

The all-new 432 hp Chevrolet Camaro V8 has returned to Europe after a decade-long absence, with a design that is at once instantly recognizable and entirely modern.
The contemporary 21st century design is an expression of the Chevrolet Camaro's rich heritage, with a V-shaped nose, wide, planted stance and broad rear shoulders all distinguishing features that acknowledge the legendary past while claiming a place as a contemporary design icon.

The Chevrolet Camaro's vital stats are as impressive as its design: the manual transmission boasts a superb 432 hp 6.2-liter LS3 V8 engine that produces 569 Nm of torque at 4,600 rpm. This translates into a 0-100 km/h acceleration of 5.2 seconds for the coupe and 5.4 seconds for the convertible. The automatic transmission is mated to a 405hp 6.2 L L99 V8 engine that produces 556 Nm at 4,300 rpm. The automatic coupe hits 100km/h in 5.4 seconds, with an additional 0.2 seconds for the convertible. The Camaro has an impressive top speed of 250 km/h.

Prices for the coupe start at €38,900 while the convertible prices start at €43,900, although prices may vary across markets, depending on local taxation and import duties. The Transformers Special Edition and 45th Anniversary package come at an additional €2,000 each including VAT.

Fully European
The car makes its presence felt from afar, with the deep low- frequency rumbling V8 delivering an unequivocal message of its impending arrival.

The European Chevy Camaro is similar in content to the 2SS model offered in North America. The new model, Europe's first, features an all-new FE4 suspension that was developed specifically for Europe. The suspension - characterized by an increase in stiffness and lateral stability that greatly improves high-speed performance and maneuverability - has proven so popular that the US will be offering it on their up-level models with the new model year. The FE4 suspension package features re-tuned front and rear dampers, and new solid front (23 mm) and rear (24 mm) stabilizer bars.

The 20-inch wheels riding on Pirelli PZero tires ensure that the power is translated adequately while the Brembo four-piston anti-lock disc brakes combined with StabiliTrak and traction control ensure effective braking and quick cornering. The wheels are positioned outbound to be virtually flush with body surfaces for an agile, planted appearance.

Jaw-dropping exterior design
When you crave anonymity and blending in with the crowd, the Chevrolet Camaro is probably not the car for you. The head-turning design tends to do just that, with pedestrians and motorists alike looking on in awe and admiration as the Camaro makes its commanding way down the road.

The V-shaped nose is flanked by high-intensity discharge headlamps with glowing LED Xenon halo rings, mimicking deep-inset eyes and giving the Chevrolet Camaro a menacing look. Chevrolet's 'gold bowtie' proudly adorns the front-end of the car and directs your eyes across the power dome hood, which gives a dynamic feeling of motion even when stationary.
The rear fascia is unique to the European Chevrolet Camaro models. Twin LED tail lamp elements mirror the unique look of the vehicle's front. The rear design is finished off with large, round chrome exhaust tips similar to those used on the Corvette Z06.

The Interior design
An array of sound-limiting applications ensures that you are transported to a different world as soon as you sit inside a Chevrolet Camaro, although a hint of the burble of the V8 penetrates the interior by design. It's just enough to remind you where you are and what you're doing.
Carrying forward the spirit and feeling of Camaros of the past, the interior conveys simplicity and refinement, with contemporary details in the dials, switches, cluster and ambient lighting.

The integrated center stack design combines easy-to-reach stereo and HVAC controls into a single piece of modern electronics with oversized knobs - detailed with rubber grommets and chrome - to match the character of the nameplate.
The Chevrolet Blue Ice ambient light runs across the doors. The same blue hue characterizes the speedometer on the left and rev counter on the right, with further driver information displayed in between. Optional orange ambient lighting is available with the Inferno Orange Interior Trim.

The four-pack gauge cluster fore of the shifter, harks back to the iconic 1969 Camaro, but includes contemporary LED backlighting. The package includes gauges for oil temperature, oil pressure, transmission fluid temperature and battery voltage.
The performance seats have sport bolstering and shape-carrying champhered shoulders with accent stitching.

Technological marvel
A large Driver Information Center (DIC) provides all the data - including consumption, trip information, and tire pressure - needed while on the road. The Chevrolet Camaro is the only vehicle in its class to offer a standard Head Up Display (HUD) that displays vital information, such as speed and stereo selection, on the windshield so drivers can always keep their eyes on the road. Ultrasonic rear parking assist with camera and six airbags are standard, as are ISOFIX anchors for the very young sports car fans.

The Chevrolet Camaro offers the discerning music aficionado a premium Boston Acoustics nine-speaker stereo system. USB ports for personal devices and Bluetooth connectivity are also part of the package.

Active Fuel Management
While fuel economy may not be high on the priority list of a Chevrolet Camaro owner, the Active Fuel Management system on the L99 engine automatically shuts down four of the eight cylinders during light load operations, allowing for reduced fuel consumption. This results in savings of up to 7.5 percent.
The Chevrolet Camaro manual models have a combined consumption figure of 14.1 L/100 km. The automatic variants fare even better with a combine consumption of 13.1 L/100 km.

The Design
The jaw-dropping design of the fifth generation Chevrolet Camaro is an irresistible invitation to get in and drive away. The legendary car's return after a ten year absence brings with it a fusion of modernity, confidence and soul.

It is hard to decide where to look first - the immediately recognizable V-shaped nose that has become a Chevrolet Camaro trademark, the unmistakable tail, or the sculpted rear shoulders. All details of the car have been carefully designed to re-capture the spirit of the legend that first rolled off production lines 45 years ago while creating an thoroughly modern, 21st century sports car.

The look
High-intensity discharge headlamps with glowing xenon halo rings, mimicking deep-inset eyes, complement the V-shaped front grille and give the Chevrolet Camaro an aggressive ready-to-pounce stance. The sweeping long hood and short rear deck accentuate the Chevrolet Camaro's iconic look and feel.

The hood carries a 10 centimeter power bulge, leaving little doubt as to what lies beneath and highlighting its sports car heritage.

The one-piece body shows off the bold lines that have become a distinguishing feature of all Chevrolet cars. Only here, the style is better defined and the clean creased lines are set off by muscular wheel arches. Rear quarter gills are stamped into the sheet metal just fore of the rear wheel, with a nod to a design element of the original concept car.

The sculpted rear shoulders set the stage for a stunningly-designed rear end. The unique, European specific LED tail lights are also inset and complement the image portrayed by the front of the Chevrolet Camaro. The dual outlet stainless steel exhausts have polished tips and complete the ensemble, creating an appealing blend of technology, design and performance.
A lower body side spear is formed seamlessly into the front quarter, door and rear quarter sheet metal delivering a muscular wheel-oriented cue and refined forward moving appearance, clearly defining its rear-wheel capability.

The Chevrolet Camaro sits on standard 20-inch wheels, a final touch of design and also a needed feature to transfer the engine torque to stunning forward movement. The wheels are positioned outward and flush with the body, giving the car a planted appearance.
The only feature more spectacular than the body of the car is what is underneath the hood (see Engines and Transmissions chapter).

The stylish and functional interior
The outlook on the world suddenly changes when you sit in a Chevrolet Camaro. You are immediately welcomed by a retro-styled contemporary dashboard with multi-dials ready to provide you with all the information pertaining to the functioning of the vehicle.
As the sport seats anchor you into position, the ambient light gives a blue hue that runs all the way across the upper edge of the doors. And once you have absorbed all this, you notice that while you are looking out, everybody on the outside is looking in.

Iconic look and feel
The interior of the Chevrolet Camaro presents an organized and functional setting, aimed at making the driver's job easier without losing any of the car's iconic look and feel. The revised instrument panel appearance presents a classic stance with contemporary details.
The steering wheel offers support for sporty driving and also includes cruise control, Bluetooth, iPod/MP3 and stereo functions to keep the eyes on the road and the hands on the wheel.

The leather seats provide support with sport bolstering carry champhered shoulders with accent stitching that is also seen on the shift, door, center console and steering wheel. They give drivers excellent lateral support and an added dose of confidence-inspiring comfort. The rear seat folds down completely to enable transport of longer items.
The HurstTM-branded short-throw shifter is designed to give the driver enhanced grip, critical when quick changes are required.

Dashboard blues
The Chevrolet Ice Blue lighting takes center stage on the Camaro dashboard and provides the perfect backdrop for the speedometer and engine temperature indicator, to the left of the steering wheel, the tachometer on the right and the large Driver Information Centre (DIC) in the middle of the display.

The DIC includes a digital speedometer, trip information - such as average consumption, distance travelled and fuel range - and a graphic display of tire pressure monitoring. An adjustable Heads Up Display (HUD), the only one offered in Chevrolet Camaro's segment, makes it possible for drivers to monitor all important information without taking their eyes of the road. The information is projected into the windscreen and appears as if located at the front end of the hood or slightly above it.

An integrated center stack design combines the stereo and HVAC controls into a single unit. Large dials, detailed with rubber grommets and chrome, match the character of the nameplate and make usage easier while driving.
A four-gauge cluster has been placed under the stereo/HVAC controls, harking back to the classic 1969 Camaro but with a contemporary look and backlighting. The cluster includes gauges for oil temperature, oil pressure, transmission fluid temperature and battery voltage.

Despite being a performance car, the Chevrolet Camaro has ample storage space in the doors, center console, glove box and cup-holder in the central console. Additionally, the 245-watt, nine- speaker Boston Acoustics® premium sound system ensures excellent sound quality.

The Rear Vision Package adds a rear view camera system and an auto-dimming mirror to the existing Rear Park Assist feature. The camera system complements the rear parking assist by providing a video display of the area behind the car with the video image appearing in the car's inside rear view mirror.

Safety features
Safety is also a key element engineered into the Chevrolet Camaro. It comes with six airbags, dual stage on both the passenger and driver sides for head and chest protection, seat-mounted pelvis-thorax side airbags for driver and passenger, and roof rail side curtain airbags for head protection for all occupants on the coupe.

Seat belts are equipped with load-limiting retractors and pre-tensioners aimed at reducing injury risk in frontal, offset frontal and lateral crashes. Further injury risk minimizers include a collapsible propshaft, break-away brake pedals and a ride down mechanism on the collapsible steering column.

Ride and Handling
From the frozen terrains in Sweden to test tracks in Germany - including the famed Nürburgring - and Australia, the Chevrolet Camaro has been put through its paces to provide a ride and handling that satisfies the specific European driving style.

A nearly ideal 52/48 front to rear weight distribution, providing a stable center of gravity, combined with an impressive FE4 suspensions and a tuned chassis means the Camaro will handle transitional situations beautifully and claw its way round corners with impressive agility.

The vehicle is designed to match the specific driving habits of Europeans, with tight cornering and performance handling characteristics among the best in its class. The precise handling dynamics were developed on different road surfaces and conditions around the world - including Australia, Germany, Sweden, Canada and the U.S.
A number of professional drivers provided input to help determine the perfect characteristics that make the Chevrolet Camaro what it is.

The smooth operator
The Camaro boasts a smooth and sophisticated ride, enhanced by a high-strength steel central structure, and polished road manners. The car is equally at home at cruising speeds and during performance runs.

The FE4 suspension geometry had been adjusted, including front (23 mm) and rear (24 mm) reshaped stabilizer bars that are repositioned outboard of the shock mounts. This results in more effective body control and more precise response in performance driving.
The unique 4.5-link independent rear suspension is double-isolated from the chassis for a smoother, quieter driving experience.

Four modes of driving
Precise and responsive steering contributes to cornering confidence as it provides great driver feedback. The Chevrolet Camaro chassis control system allows drivers to select the mode of driving:

• Base Stability Control Calibration
• Traction Control off / Stability Control on
• Competitive / Sport mode
• Traction Control off / Stability Control off

The vehicle is equipped with StabiliTrak, a four channel active handling system that links the car's dynamic control system to assist the driver in maintaining control under demanding or adverse conditions, such as wet, snow-covered or icy roads, tight turns and evasive maneuvers.

StabiliTrak combines the Anti-lock Brake System (ABS), Traction Control (TC) and Active Braking Systems to control wheel slip, optimize wheel spin and enhance vehicle stability.

The speed of all four wheels is monitored separately by the ABS, allowing for individual braking power directed to the wheels and resulting in superior control of the vehicles. Back-up braking is activated should one of the two braking circuits fail. Additionally, the ABS software uses a steering wheel angle sensor to differentiate between straight-line and corner braking.

The Traction Control System is integrated with the ABS and uses the powertrain and brakes to regulate wheel spin during acceleration. Further control is provided by the Hydraulic Brake Assist (HBA) which senses emergency braking by detecting the speed or force the driver applies to the brake pedal. Under extreme conditions, the HBA will apply the brakes selectively to maintain control.

Engine Drag Control (EDC) sends more torque to the driven wheels when the driver lifts off the throttle in precarious road conditions, such as in the presence of ice or rain. The resulting effect ensures vehicle stability as all four wheels, the free-rolling front and driven rear, are travelling at the same speed.

Massive 20-inch alloy wheels transfer the engine torque to the ground. The high rubber-to-road component ensures excellent lateral grip and handling and longitudinal acceleration, and shorter stopping distances.
The Chevrolet Camaro was engineered with performance in mind evidenced by the 355 mm x 32 mm vented front rotors and 365 mm x 28 mm vented rear rotors, clamped by high performance Brembo four-piston fixed-head aluminum calipers.
The brake linings are optimized to deliver long-term performance and consistent feel. The braking package is worthy of the power package, with stopping distances of less than 40 meters from 100 km/h on dry asphalt.

Engines and Transmissions
The European Camaro coupe and convertible are equipped with an 6.2 liter V8 engine, offering customers a choice of manual or paddle-shift automatic transmissions.
The Chevrolet Camaro's 16-valve V8 engine has a displacement of 6,126 cm3 and utilizes a central camshaft. Both manual and automatic cars have a top speed of 250 km/h.
The two engine variants - LS3 and L99 - are mated to the manual and automatic transmissions, respectively. They are essentially the same with two notable differences: the automatic version is equipped with Active Fuel Management (cylinder displacement-on-demand) and variable valve timing (VVT).

The performance of the Chevrolet Camaro is impressive: the manual transmission version boasts 432 hp at 5,900 rpm and a torque of 569 Nm at 4,600 rpm. Acceleration from 0-100 km/h is 5.2 seconds for the manual coupe and 5.4 seconds for the manual convertible, both comparable to a number of top-class sports cars. The manual uses a Tremec TR 6060 six-speed manual transmission. Fuel consumption is 14.1 L/100 km (combined cycle).

Automatic transmissions are increasingly popular on performance cars. The Camaro's automatic transmission equipped powertrain produces 405 hp at 5,900 rpm, while maximum torque is 556 Nm at 4,300 rpm. Fuel consumption for the automatic is 13.1 L/100 km combined. The Chevrolet Camaro includes GM's Active Fuel Management System, enabling it to cruise on only four cylinders during light load conditions such as highway cruising.

Improving on excellence
The Chevrolet Camaro engine blocks are manufactured from aluminum with cast-in-place iron bore liners and a push-rod valve-in-train valvetrain. The engine is brought to life with a high-energy distributor-less ignition that features a solid state direct-fire ignition.

The evaporative dual exhaust system comes with close-coupled catalytic converters. The automatic transmission models include active fuel management and cam phasing (VVT).
When compared with previous generation engines, both LS3 and L99 variants feature a larger bore block (4.06 inches/10.15 cm); high flow LS7/L92-style heads, larger diameter pistons, hotter camshaft timings, a revised valve train with offset intake rocker arms, a high-flow intake manifold and larger fuel injectors.

The block casting design enhances bay-to-bay breathing for improved efficiency. The new pistons are made to suit the engine's high rpm capabilities. The heads use straighter, large capacity intake ports to optimize flow to the combustion chamber. The cylinder heads receive all the air they need thanks to a new, acoustically-tuned intake manifold while a high flow efficiency induction system is borrowed from the Corvette Z06.
Premium unleaded fuels (minimum 95 RON, preferably 98 RON or higher) are recommended for the Chevrolet Camaro, which has a maximum engine speed of 6,600 rpm.

Manual transmission
The new Tremec TR6060 six-speed manual transmission carries a host of features to provide an effective transfer of the engine's exceptional power and torque while delivering high performance and fun-to-drive shifting characteristics.
The use of wider gears, made possible by using special fine-pitch teeth Hoerbiger-produced synchronizers, reduces synchronizer travel. The teeth enable smooth meshing and eliminate block-out-of-gear synchronization. As a result, shifter throw is reduced by 12 per cent.

The aluminum housing is strengthened where the shifter rails are held in place, improving the solid feel of each gear change. Tremec has adopted a one-piece output shaft to further enhance the bell housing ability to handle high torque.
A dual mass flywheel with twin-disk clutch reduces the overall rotating inertia by up to 25 per cent, meaning the engine can reach its maximum power quickly. The reduced inertia also enhances gear synchronization.
The three-point shifter mounting is attached directly to the body structure, resulting in an extremely solid, stiff and tunable unit.
Finally, all European Camaros are fitted with the acclaimed HurstTM short-throw shifter for even greater performance and response.

Automatic transmission
The L99 is mated with one of the most technologically advanced automatic transmissions on the market - the Hydra-Matic 6L80. The transmission uses clutch-to-clutch operations and an integrated 32-bit controller to deliver smooth and precise shifts.

The transmission includes advanced Performance Algorithm Shifting (PAS) that lets the electronic controller override the automatic gear selection during closed throttle high lateral acceleration maneuvers. This means rapid downshifting with near synchronous engine speed matching for quick power-up when the throttle is re-opened.

The steering mounted paddle shift control (TAPshift) allows the driver to sequentially shift gears manually. Shift calibration is designed specifically for the Chevrolet Camaro, with the twin-plate torque converter characteristics matching the characteristics and high torque output of the massive V8 6.2 L engine.

Safety
The safety systems installed on the new Chevrolet Camaro have two primary functions: crash avoidance and occupant protection.
Prevention better than cure
The Chevrolet Camaro's sports-tuned chassis dynamics help deliver better handling, maximum grip, high directional stability and powerful braking performance. Thanks to the integrated chassis control technologies - StabiliTrak electronic stability control, ABS, Traction Control and Brake Assist - drivers are in a better position to maintain control of the vehicle during evasive maneuvers and in adverse road conditions. Altogether, these features contribute in greatly to reducing the risk of accidents. This is further aided by the near perfect front/rear weight distribution.

Another safety factors include an ergonomically-designed interior with supportive bolstered-seating, visual and audio warnings, daytime running lamps, fast response LED tail and stop lights, steering wheel-mounted controls, Bluetooth, camera-aided park assist and information displays - including the exclusive Heads-Up-Display - that provide drivers with pertinent information without distraction.

Occupant protection
More than 7,000 crash barrier tests were run using leading edge virtual technology. They were validated by 55 actual barrier tests. These tests helped optimize the vehicle's design for maximum occupant protection in the event of an accident.
Multiple load paths using high-strength steel were integrated into the design, establishing a de facto safety cage protection around the car's occupants.
Front and rear crumple zones absorb crash energy, while steel rails in the engine compartment and front bumper make up the crush zone and work with the six-mount engine cradle that deforms progressively on impact to take the brunt of a frontal impact.

Crash energy is distributed along the transition zones around the passenger compartment together with the safety cage construction, consisting of the floor pan, rocker panels, center tunnel, A and B pillars and front mid-rails.

The rear crush zone is designed to absorb energy progressively during impact, protecting passengers and ensuring the integrity of the fuel tank. A collapsible propshaft, break-away brake pedals which minimize lower limb injury, and a ride-down steering column further enhance the safety of the car's occupants.

Multiple airbags for full protection
Six airbags are standard equipment in the Chevrolet Camaro Coupe. Deployment of airbags is regulated to ensure minimal risk to out-of-position occupants. Both driver and front passenger have head and chest protection with the front dual-stage airbags. The side airbags provide pelvis and chest protection while roof rail side curtain airbags provide head protection for all occupants (on the Coupe).

Sensors in the front and side work in conjunction with a sensing diagnostic module (SDM) to trigger the seat belt pre-tensioners and deploy airbags depending on the crash severity. The sensors suppress air bag deployment if a child or small-statured person is in the passenger seat. The detection system uses a mat sensor embedded in the passenger seat to establish the occupant's weight and weight distribution.

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Jaguar XFR, 2012

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Jaguar XFR, 2012

A saloon with the soul of a Jaguar sports car, the XF has won accolades and enthusiastic fans across the globe for its dynamic abilities and dramatic looks. Advances in lighting technology have allowed the new 2012 Jaguar XF model range to adopt the bold Jaguar design language introduced on the flagship XJ saloon.

Sheetmetal revisions to the grille, bonnet and front wings incorporating new triangular side vents give the car a more muscular, purposeful appearance. The range-topping Jaguar XFR receives its own unique, overtly assertive design to underline its performance potential while an alternative 'Aerodynamic' option is available on all other derivatives for a total of three dramatically different styling options.

The headlamps now incorporate bi-function HID xenon technology that allows them to be much slimmer and more compact while still providing outstanding beam resolution. They also incorporate LED daytime running lights arranged in a distinctive Jaguar 'J-Blade' signature pattern for instant recognition.

The tail lamps have been entirely renewed and now extend onto the central portion of the boot lid. These new units are now full-LED for stop, light and indicator functions and give the Jaguar XF a distinctive night-time rear signature. Separating them is a revised boot lid finisher with a gloss black lower edge for a cleaner appearance. The boot also features power closure on all models.
Three new paint colours and an expanded alloy wheel selection ranging from 17 to 20-inch provide the finishing touches to the revised styling.

The Jaguar XF Powertrain and Dynamics
Key among the enhancements to Jaguar XF is the introduction of the 2.2-litre AJ-i4D turbodiesel engine. The unit features low-friction pistons and a water-cooled turbocharger to increase efficiency plus active engine mounts and modifications to the sump and block to reduce NVH levels. The result is not only Jaguar's most fuel-efficient engine ever, but one which offers levels of refinement on a par with the previously-fitted 2.7-litre V6 diesel and all the performance expected of a Jaguar sports saloon. Further refinement is assured on all models by the use of additional acoustic shielding and the use of computational fluid dynamics to smooth exterior airflow.

Power output is 190PS with an impressive torque figure of 450Nm to provide the muscular performance expected of a Jaguar. Reaching 60mph in 8.0 seconds, the car will go on to achieve a top speed of 140mph. Nevertheless the unit still manages 52.3mpg on the EU combined cycle - making it the most economical Jaguar ever - and emits just 149g/km of CO2 and is Euro Stage V compliant.

The New 8-speed automatic
The engine is perfectly complemented by the all-new 8-speed ZF automatic gearbox. Specifically adapted by our engineers for its first-time application in a Jaguar, the transmission offers a host of benefits including both improved acceleration and economy. Gearchanges are completed in just 200 milliseconds - four times faster than the average human resting heartbeat - while driver control is enhanced by the ability to perform multiple downshifts using the paddleshift technology. The use of lightweight materials ensures the overall weight remains the same as the previous six-speed transmission, while improved pump design and gear control elements increase efficiency. Standard on all Jaguar XF diesel models, it reduces the CO2 emissions of the 3.0-litre V6 to 169g/km and improves fuel consumption to 44.8mpg.

Intelligent Stop/Start
Also making its debut with the 2.2-litre diesel engine is Jaguar's new Intelligent Stop/Start system, the first time this technology has been seen in a premium diesel saloon. This automatically shuts down the engine in just 300 milliseconds when the car comes to rest, in order to improve fuel economy and CO2 emissions by between five and seven percent.

No driver intervention is necessary, with the engine management software analysing a host of complex factors in order to decide when the engine can safely be stopped. A Tandem Solenoid Starter with a dedicated secondary battery instantly restarts the engine as soon as the driver's foot leaves the brake pedal, ensuring it is running optimally by the time the accelerator is pressed. In order to facilitate this process, the gearbox features Hydraulic Impulse Storage, which supplies oil pressure to actuate the shift elements.

For the first time, all diesel variants are also available with Jaguar's Adaptive Dynamics system, allowing the enthusiastic driver to enjoy the car's outstanding chassis control and discover the Jaguar XF's sporting soul.

The Jaguar XF Interior
Whether experienced from the driver or passenger seat, the cabin of the Jaguar XF is a uniquely welcoming and stylish place in which to spend time, using high-end materials in a truly contemporary manner.

Continuing to feature such dramatic 'surprise and delight' elements as the Jaguar Drive Selector that rises from the centre console and air vents that rotate to their open position when the starter button is pressed, the Jaguar XF interior has also received a comprehensive update.

New seats and instruments
Revised front and rear seats incorporate a 'hoop' feature on both squab and backrest that improves not only their appearance but also the support it offers by increasing the seat's profile. New hide colour combinations, veneers and headlining choices increase the personalisation options available to buyers. All models benefit from a revision to the colour scheme on the centre console, fascia and steering wheel where the 'Tungsten' finish is replaced by a more contemporary 'Aurora' theme.

The Jaguar XF incorporates a formidable amount of technology but in true Jaguar fashion it is integrated seamlessly into the function of the car and controlled through a central seven-inch Touch-screen with a new polarising filter for better contrast viewing.
In order to reduce driver workload, additional switches have been added below the Touch-screen to instantly switch between different functions while new graphics are based on those in Jaguar's flagship XJ. The main driver instrument cluster is now a full-colour TFT unit for greater resolution and clarity.

Cutting-edge technology
Three new audio systems are offered on the Jaguar XF, all of which represent a significant upgrade on those previously available. Heading this up is a 1200W, 17-speaker premium set-up, from British audio experts Bowers & Wilkins, which offers concert hall-like sound reproduction.

All audio systems can be specified with a hard-drive based satellite navigation system that incorporates a 'virtual' CD multichanger allowing the owner to 'rip' 10 CDs at a time into the car's memory storage and play them as if they were a physical music medium. The system also now offers a number of different options for connecting MP3 players; two USB ports, one of which is iPod specific and Bluetooth connectivity that allows music to be streamed from a smartphone.

The majority of the car's functions can also be controlled from the driver's seat by Jaguar's Interactive Voice functionality, which provides an intuitive interface for safe, hands-free operation.

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Fisker Karma, 2012

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fisker Karma, 2012

From the California automaker Fisker Automotive comes the Fisker Karma, the world's first true Electric Vehicle with extended range (EVer) and a radical expression of what is possible in the automotive world.

Loosely translating from Hindi, Karma implies good deeds are rewarded. The Fisker Karma allows drivers who appreciate style and performance to own and enjoy a car that is also environmentally conscious, one that achieves fuel consumption and emissions performance that is simply beyond the capability of today's conventional luxury automobiles.
Combining striking, elegant design with high performance, ultra-low fuel consumption and zero emissions on demand, the four-door, four-seat Fisker Karma embodies the brand's commitment to creating Uncompromised Responsible Luxury vehicles that deliver Pure Driving Passion.

The Fisker Karma - an all-new car with all-new technology from an all-new company - arrives in showrooms this summer, setting a new benchmark for time-to-market after being unveiled as a concept in 2008 and creating the Premium Luxury EV segment.
The Fisker Karma can run purely on electric power supplied by a rechargeable lithium-ion battery for up to 50 miles (80 km); after that, a 175 kW generator driven by an efficient, 2.0 liter, direct-injection, turbocharged gasoline engine extends the range an additional 250 miles (403 km). The Fisker Karma's total range between recharge/refuel can reach 300 miles.

With a U.S. Manufacturer's Suggested Retail Price (MSRP) of $95,900 before federal tax incentives of $7,500, and a €85,500 suggested retail price in Europe, the world-class Fisker Karma will be competitive with more conventional luxury sedans such as the BMW 750i AcitveHybrid, Mercedes-Benz S400 Hybrid, Porsche Panamera S and Audi A8 TDI. Fisker Karma also offers a tremendous value over such super sedans as the $120,000 Maserati Quattroporte and $200,000 Aston Martin Rapide.

With incredible economy, and the ability to drive tailpipe-emission free, the Fisker Karma is the only truly responsible choice for luxury car buyers.
The Karma is Fisker Automotive's first car. It is built according to the company's
Fisker understands that developing, building, marketing and disposing of cars is an incredibly energy- and resource-intensive proposition. As a new company starting with a clean slate, Fisker sees great opportunity to improve this process and reimagine what the world can expect of its automakers.

By adamantly pursuing ways to raise efficiency and reduce environmental impact - including its carbon footprint - across the entire value chain, Fisker Automotive is striving to be the automaker most dedicated to sustainability and accountability.
The Fisker Karma and all future Fisker vehicles will be sold and serviced through a global network of established, reputable, independent retailers. In the U.S., 45 locations have been identified, with a similar number planned for European markets.

Fisker's European retail network is being developed and will be managed by importers like the Emil Frey Group in Zurich, Switzerland, and Nellemann in Copenhagen, Denmark. Fisker Italia in Merano, Italy, and BD Otomotive in Istanbul, Turkey, round out the company's presence on the continent. Fisker also entered into a non-exclusive distribution agreement with China Grand Automotive in Shanghai in December, 2010.
Significantly, the Fisker Karma is the first American-designed and engineered luxury vehicle specifically developed to appeal to world markets. It is the only luxury sedan in the world that meets future fuel consumption and emission requirements, making it suitable for any international city.

True EVer
The Fisker Karma is the first and only true production Electric Vehicle with extended range (EVer). Simply put, that means the Karma is driven solely and at all times by electric traction motors. An on-board range-extending gasoline engine drives a generator to power the motors as needed; there is no mechanical link between the internal-combustion engine and the drive wheels.

The exclusive EVer powertrain was inspired by a high-performance stealth vehicle created for U.S. Military special operations. At its heart is a 20 kWh rechargeable lithium-ion battery developed by Fisker Automotive's strategic partner A123 Systems of Watertown, Massachusetts. State-of-the-art Nanophosphate technology maximizes energy, power, reliability and safety.

Running on the battery alone - which can be charged in about six hours using Fisker's available 220V wall charger - the Fisker Karma can cover 50 miles (80 km); after that, the range extender - a front/mid-mounted gasoline engine/generator set - provides another 250 miles of range by supplying supplemental power to dual rear-mounted electric motors, for a total range of 300 miles (483 km).

The Fisker Karma contributes to sustainability even when parked, with the world's largest and most powerful automotive solar panel integrated into its roof, as standard. It is the only solar installation on a production vehicle that collects energy to be stored. Enough energy can be collected by the roof over the course of a year to power the Fisker Karma for nearly 200 cost- and emission-free miles.

Two Driving Modes
The Fisker Karma is also the first and only car that allows the driver to manually select all-electric or hybrid-electric drive modes on demand. The default Stealth mode maximizes efficiency, giving the car its greatest range on battery power before activating the gas engine-driven generator to sustain battery charge. In Stealth mode, the Fisker Karma can accelerate from zero to 60 mph in 7.9 seconds and achieve a top speed of 95 mph (153 km/h).

More telling of the Fisker Karma's acceleration capability and feel, however, is the massive 981 lb.-ft. (1,330 Nm) of peak torque available instantaneously (from zero rpm). By comparison, most conventionally-powered luxury sedans develop less than half of that torque and at a much higher rpm. Because the Karma is always driven by its electric motors and a single-ratio transmission/differential combination, the driver can always feel and enjoy powerful, seamless, linear acceleration.
A single pull on the Fisker Karma's left-hand steering wheel paddle engages Sport mode. Now the gasoline engine drives the generator to provide additional current that supplements that from the battery. This is enough electricity for 403 total system horsepower, allowing the Karma to accelerate from zero to 60 mph in just 5.9 seconds and achieve a top speed of 125 mph (201 km/h).

The electric motors' torque characteristics, the Fisker Karma will feel even quicker.
Sport mode conserves, and in certain circumstances replenishes, battery charge. The driver can switch back to Stealth mode at any time; this can be useful when arriving in low-emission zones, which are being designated in many cities around the world.

The Fisker Karma also features a fully-blended regenerative braking system. Regenerative braking captures kinetic energy that would otherwise be wasted as brake-rotor heat, and feeds it back into the battery. Using the right-hand steering wheel paddle, the driver can operate Hill Mode to vary regenerative braking effect in three steps; this unique function provides an effect similar to downshifting a conventional car's transmission to offer varied levels of speed control. Hill Mode is ideal for downhill grades and can be used to shorten braking distances.

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